Lung volumes

intrapulmonary pressure, atmospheric pressure and airflow within the lungs. “Intrapulmonary pressure is the pressure within the lungs, atmospheric pressure is the pressure used in all directions at any given point by the weight of the atmosphere and air flow is simply the motion of air. Intrapulmonary pressure and atmospheric pressure are usually measured in units of millimeters of mercury. “Inspiration is the act of drawing air into the lungs and expiration is the exhalation of breath…

It test how well you inhale and exhale, and it also test how much air your lungs take in with each breath. To perform this test, an instrument called a spirometer is used which measures the volume of air moving in and out of the lungs during pulmonary ventilation. When given this test a person can be standing up or sitting down but whichever one that person must remain in that position throughout the whole test. The person cannot change positions because that will mess of the results from the…

The total lung capacity refers to the maximum amount of air a person’s lungs can hold (wisegeek.org, 2014). Breathing occurs in a cyclic manner due to the movements of the chest wall and the lungs. The resulting changes in pressure, causing changes in lung volume and lung capacity (humanphysiology.hubpages.com, 2014). An average human’s lung capacity can hold 4-6 liters, but only ⅓ of your lung capacity is used during normal activity, but this fraction increases during strenuous activity when…

pulmonary disease(COPD) is a respiratory disease which leads by the abnormal inflammation of the lungs. It response to the inhalation of toxic gases, pollutants, and cigarette smoke. The chronic inflammation creates difficulty to breath. In overall, more than five hundred peoplesare diagonised with COPD. It classified as chronic bronchitis and Emphysema.Our lungs are spongy tissues, Bronchi which inside the lung which connected to the Trachea the wind pipe, the bronchi is expended to…

thrombosis. Also, increased venous pressure caused by congestive heart failure ( right ventricle), this also causes a reduction in blood flow to the kidney. This then leads to retention of sodium and water, which then leads to the increase in blood volume. Happens when there is a decrease in osmotic plasma pressure which is set by albumin produced by the liver. This is mainly caused by Kidney disease where albumin is excreted, meaning there is a reduction of flow through the kidney. Another…

Liquid ventilation (LV) is a form of mechanical ventilation in which the lungs are insufflated with an oxygen-rich liquid, such as perfluorocarbon, rather an oxygen-rich gas mixture (1). There are two primary types of liquid-assisted ventilation: total liquid ventilation and partial liquid ventilation. In total liquid ventilation, the lungs are filled with perfluorocarbon to a volume equivalent to the lung’s functional residual capacity and a liquid ventilator is used to generate tidal breathing…

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) occur when alveoli of the lungs are filled with fluids due to severe injury or illness. This fluid buildup instead of air in the alveolar air sacs causes decreased level of oxygen transfer from the lungs to the blood stream. A chest x-ray will show clinical appearance of acute pulmonary edema without elevated left atrial pressure or cardiogenic causes (Brochard, 2011). This will cause a severe deprivation of oxygen to vital organs and leads to…

read through your lecture notes on the respiratory system; the background information for this class on Moodle; and section 23-7 in Martini (2012) p830-838. Please hand your individual work into the Student Centre by the deadline. Exercise 1: Lung Volumes and Capacities The predicted values are based on the Goldman and Becklake equations for Pulmonary Function (cited from the John Hopkins Pulmonary Laboratory). 1. Comment on the differences between the experimental and predicted…

Nanoparticles (NPs) have piqued the interest of scientists because of their distinct physical, chemical and biological properties when compared to bulk material. These differences in characteristics can be attributed to the high surface-to-volume ratio (SA:V) of NPs compared to bulk material. Since NPs have a higher SA:V than bulk material, they are more reactive than their bulk counterparts; therefore, the surface characteristics of NPs can be easily manipulated. (Xuefei et al, 2014) Metal NPs…

Incentive Spirometer Volume Trending and Documentation Post-operative pulmonary infections in patients over the age of 65 years present a number of health challenges. These infections, especially pneumonia contribute to the increased the mortality rate of aged patients. Additionally, it has resulted in increased re-admissions rates and prolonged hospital stay, thereby increasing the cost of treatment. These have adverse effects on the hospitals and the patients (Carvalho, Paisani, & Lunardi,…