Lung volumes

pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. It's caused by smoking cigarettes or long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter. Your lungs are directly affected by COPD, because air travels down your trachea and into your lungs through the bronchi. The bronchi are divided into many smaller tubes or bronchioles that end in clusters of tiny air sacs called alveoli. Your lungs rely on the natural elasticity of the…

Review Keishera Aldonza Candidate for Bachelor, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences at University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Introduction Preterm infants often display signs of respiratory distress syndrome at birth due to the immaturity of the lung structure, with respiratory morbidity decreasing as gestational age increases. Respiratory distress syndrome is caused by a deficiency of surfactants. Surfactants, a lipoprotein complex, function by decreasing the surface tension of the fluid…

the lungs over time. A way to test the progression is a pulmonary function testing (PFT’s). This test, tests the lung capacity of a person ("COPD"). This test is simple and is accurate. It involves a patient blowing out into a tube. The force and duration determines the condition of the lungs. With emphysema it is hard to blow out because air pockets form. To tell what stage a person is in most doctors use the GOLD staging system. GOLD stands for “ Global Institute for Chronic Obstruction Lung…

Regulator Gene and How it Affects Lung Functions in an Individual Sterling Wood Biology 2458 Section 005, Pankaj B.C., October 11, 2015 Introduction Many people do not realize all the different factors that are a necessity when it comes to just breathing. The air we breathe is filled with many different particles and bacteria that could cause major problems if they were to reach the alveoli. With that being said, the human body devised ways to inhibit this by the lungs secreting a sticky mucous…

Tibetans, Andeans and Ethiopians are three small tribes who live in high elevations and conditions that, for lowlanders, would be considered hazardous and unsafe; but for them, it is an everyday life struggle. Just like those who live in remote, extreme climates, like the Inuits, these tribes have changed their whole genetic make-up in order to survive these conditions peacefully. Communities living in high altitudes and climates could be prime examples of how to survive in the harshest…

refer to a single disease but is an umbrella term for chronic lung diseases that irreversibly limits the flow of air in the lungs. CT imaging is able to perform in visualizing the effects of COPD. An advantage of CT over Lung Function Test (LFT) is that CT can differentiate between the different types of COPD, making it possible to classify the different subgroups of diseases. The below figure shows the difference in CT between lungs of a relatively healthy subject and that of a subject with…

reversible airflow obstruction and an abnormal inflammatory response in the lungs (MacNee, 2006). In many peer research articles, the articles have addressed the diagnosis and assessments of people with COPD, as well as the pharmacological and the non-pharmacological management of stable disease and exacerbations. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, tissue of the lungs and pulmonary blood vessels. These obstruction’s are caused by…

and the components of the shoulder I do not feel confident in. A few reasons I chose the cardiovascular system are arterial blood gas volumes, pharmacology, and some of the test procedures. The concepts that are the most clear to me is the anatomy of the heart, most of the pathologies pertaining to the cardiovascular system, the pathology of the airway of the lungs, percussion and postural drainage procedures, airway clearance and coughing techniques, gait patterns and gait terminology, lower…

Chronic diseases of respiratory system are the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. They affect airways and lung function, one common obstructive lung disease is asthma. According to CDC.gov about 17.8 million adults and 6.8 million children are suffering from asthma [9]. According to world health organization estimates, 235 million people suffer from asthma worldwide [10]. Asthma disease doesn’t have obvious symptoms which makes it hard to diagnose, so major component of chronic…

(7) When the inspired partial pressure of oxygen is 13.3kPa, alveolar oxygen pressure is 8kPa. (7) As hypoxia continues to increase, ventilation rises expodentionally. (7) In the lungs, hypoxia acts as a vasoconstrictor in the pulmonary circulation. (7) The vasoconstriction may help with ventilation and perfusion in the lungs. (7) However, the reflex leads to pulmonary hypertension and is associated with pulmonary edema at high altitudes. (7) In regards to the heart, initially at a high…