Lung volumes

secondary. Each type of spontaneous pneumothorax has a particular pathology and incidence that, in each case, leads to a particular way of treatment and monitoring. In general, a pneumothorax occurs when there is air present in the pleural cavity of the lung, however the underlying cause of this pathology varies among the different classifications. Surgical or non-surgical approaches are taken, depending on the severity or type of the pneumothorax. The purpose of this paper will be to discuss…

Bronchiectasis Description Bronchiectasis is a lung condition in which there is stretching and enlargement of bronchial tubes (airways) of the lungs. It is permanent abnormal dilatation of one or more bronchi/ bronchiole due to destruction of ciliated epithelium, elastic and muscular tissue. The destructive process may be initiated by primary microbial infection (necrotizing pneumonia, tuberculosis, aspergillosis, etc.) or obstruction (foreign body, tumour, lymph node, etc.) resulting in stasis…

Experiment 14.1 The Histology of the Lung Introduction: This experiment will give you a change to see an alveolus, a capillary, and the respiratory membrane. Procedure: I studied a slide of a lung tissue and observed the various structures, mainly the alveoli, capillaries, and the respiratory membrane. I then drew pictures of the structures in different microscope powers. Summary: Very briefly, we will discuss how air travels to the lungs. First, air travels down your larynx, and then into…

is usually progressive and is associated with an inflammatory response of the lungs (Haggerty, 2013). The pathological changes that indicate COPD include an increase in mucus producing cells, chronic inflammation in different parts of the lung, and structural changes that result from a persistent cycle of destruction and repair. Many parts of the lungs are affected, including the proximal and peripheral airways, lung parenchyma, and pulmonary vasculature (Haggerty, 2013).The inflammatory…

and alkalosis and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis. Respiratory acidosis, or respiratory failure, occurs when the lungs cannot produce enough CO2, which causes blood pH to drop below 7.35 and PCO2, or partial pressure of carbon dioxide, is increased above 45 mmHg. Some causes for respiratory acidosis include airway obstruction, emphysema, pulmonary edema, and other chronic or acute lung disorders. If respiratory problems are not too extreme then the kidneys will help out with raising the blood…

and that these continuous requirements are met. Exploring the main role of the respiratory system in this process and its relationship with the cardiovascular system is best explained in 4 main steps. 1. “Uptake in the lungs 2. Carrying capacity of blood 3. Global delivery from lungs to tissue 4. Cellular use of oxygen” (Treacher &…

I have caught up with Mario a months since his last appointment. During that time, I have obtained copies of previous lung function tests that actually reveal normal spirometry and gas transfer. Static lung volumes are essentially normal. Interestingly at the time of testing in October last year, oxygen saturation was reduced at 92-94%. I also note a stress echocardiogram from twelve months ago did not reveal any ischemic changes, whilst the HRCT report has made comment on some mild…

Respiration is a process, which conducts the circulation of air between the lungs and the external environment. Two main mechanisms involved in the respiration process is the act of inspiration and expiration. Inspiration involves the inhaling of oxygen into the lungs. Expiration involves the exhalation of carbon dioxide into the external environment. Respiration is important to human body because it is a major contributor to speech. As mentioned in the paragraph above, a variety of muscles…

raising the pressure of oxygen at the tissue level. This is achieved through some alterations in the conveyment of oxygen in the blood, pulmonary ventilation, usage of oxygen at tissue level, movement of oxygen from blood to tissues and lastly lung volume and pulmonary diffusing capacity (Martin et al., 2008). Inborn lowlanders have their typical red blood cell counts alternating from 5 to 8 million per cubic millimetre in comparison to 4.5 million at low elevation (Hurtado, 1964). In…

Powerlab 4 Questions When taking our subject’s different capacities, we found that her inspiratory capacity (IC) was 5.58 L, vital capacity (VC) was 5.85 L, functional residual capacity (FRC) was 1.74 L, and her total lung capacity (TLC) was 7.32 L. When comparing these numbers to the averages for a woman’s capacity we find that: her IC was more than double of that of an average woman (5.58 L compared to 2.4 L); her vital capacity was greater than average as well (5.85 compared to 3.1 L).…