Granger causality

Free Will and Determinism have been discussed by philosophers for many years. Free will is associated with moral responsibility, and alternative actions that “could have” been taken over the one chosen. Determinism is the opposite view, and is associated with universal causation, and a lack of free will. Determinists believe that a person’s actions are inevitable, they are dictated by a person’s experiences, they believe nurture, nature, and even a person’s genes determine their future actions.…

Science fiction stories illustrate the need for people to come up with transitory solutions for problems such as overpopulation, lack of resources, and pollution that are causing Earth to become unlivable. Even though eventually Earth, no matter what is done will no longer be able to accommodate human life causing the need to expand beyond. Science fiction stories such as “2BRØ2B” by Kurt Vonnegut in which humans have tried to created a utopia by controlling the population to the point where…

In the study about the new therapy technique for depression, the confounds that might have impacted the findings were maturation and mortality effect. The mortality effect refers to any loss of participants from your sample. The health magazine state that out of the 50 subjects, only 29 were left after nine months. It would be difficult to determine the impact of the technique on the subjects, because the people that dropped out may have represented an important subgroup in a larger population…

In the majority of cases, it is easy for others to be certain that an individual is responsible for their actions. This is less accurate in circumstances where an individual has presumably no other choice; people tend to believe if for some reason you have no choice but to do something it is inherently not your fault. An individual can be held morally responsible even in the cases where they lack the free will to choose as Frankfurt contended. Throughout this paper, I will discuss points…

I have had many experiences with stress and encounter it on a day to day basis so it was a little complicated when it came to choosing a particular experience to talk about. I think school stresses me out the most. School has always been a major stressor in my life. Although, this particular stressor causes both distress and eustress, I find it to cause distress a majority of the time. I find that the root of my distress comes from not getting a grade I wanted, having to keep up with due dates…

Introduction Solitary confinement consists of being locked in a white padded cell with only a bed and a toilet and no human interaction for twenty-three hours each day. Solitary confinement challenges many ethical views today because of its terrible consequences. Although solitary confinement may be the easiest way to keep the peace within the prison, the immediate and long term physical and psychological effects of being locked in a room without human contact far outweigh any benefits…

I have received your letter and am pleased that you have given my works so much thought. However, I feel as though you might have missed the mark on a few things. I would like to just take a moment to explain myself and possibly enlighten you with the correct meaning of my argument. In your letter you state that my book is indicating that humans should go back to a stage of nascency but I rather believe that it is not only impossible to regress to that stage but rather that humans should have…

Nearly every environmental issue is a human security issue. No matter what issue it is whether it is global warming, pollution, or poor air quality it still will affect humans negatively. Humans have basic needs to be able to survive such as clean water, food, and shelter from the elements. Without access to these then it would become a human security issue because it would cause many humans to die. Humans need to feel safe in their environment, humans should not fear for their lives due to…

Theists think that it is ridiculous that the Universe can exist without a cause, and, have come to the assumption that the universe was created by God, who exists without a cause, complete with a range of intrinsic traits and values. We can see that although theists believe in god(s) and atheists don 't, both have some similar assumptions about how the universe came to exist. St Anselm (1033-1109), who was the Catholic archbishop of Canterbury and a Doctor of the Church, first created the…

In the words of President Calvin Coolidge, “The country can regard the present with satisfaction and anticipate the future with optimism,” (Doc B). Despite being President of the country, Coolidge was incredibly mistaken. Coolidge had no clue as to how far down their economy would plummet from 1929 to 1939. Coolidge had no clue that there would be thousands of homeless families and failing businesses in America’s not-so-distant future. Even John T. Raskob could not see this happening as he wrote…