Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak

depiction of Caliban, Ariel, and Eshu’s freedom of speech. The post-colonial theory is associated with a dominant nation who took control over a weaker nation known as the colony nation. According to Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, she stated colonialism as “It is well known that Foucault locates epistemic violence… At the end of the European eighteenth century” (Pg25, Spivak). This means a nation who possessed a better knowledge had absolute power to control over a country which has less knowledge shown by the phrase “epistemic violence”. Epistemic violence is mainly focused on the dominance of knowledge, but physical violence also involves. Spivak also describes colonialism as, “In the colonialist and neo-colonialist historiographies these achievements are… to Indian elite personalities, institutions, activities and ideas” (Pg25, Spivak). This quotation shows Britain has been colonized India for many years. India as a colony country was forced to follow the dominate country’s laws, policies, culture, and language. This contributes to how the citizen within the colony country could not identify their identity because they had been followed the dominate country’s language and culture. As a result, these citizens are known as the subaltern. The title of this essay “Can the Subaltern speak?” (Spivak) also explains how colonialism works. The title suggests that the subalterns have no right to speak but to obey all orders given by the dominant nation. In the play “The Tempest” by…

theory has been hijacked by the institutional power. As the alternative for this issue, Areen offers the idea of redefining modernism by including those cultural actors in the third worlds. I find this claim is both thought provoking and problematic. On the one hand, institutional power tendency in identifying and classifying art from the third world countries by implementing the colonial ideology is an issue. It shows the legacy of modernity with its coloniality is still preserved. It is not…

Imperialism is a reality that has been apparent since the rise of the Roman empire, but the issue has only been raised as an afterthought. England is one of the many notable imperialist countries, it caused the complete eradication of entire cultures, leaving behind only watered-down European, Christian values forced upon them by England. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak highlights this issue in terms of “feminist individualism” in her writing: “Three Women’s Texts and a Critique of Imperialism”,…

and Anna Rutherford have coined the term “double colonization” in their collection A Double colonization : colonial and Post- Colonial Women’s Writing (Dangaroo,1986) to refer to women’s consistence experience of colonial and patriarchal oppression. Petesen and Rutherford argue that “colonialism celebrates male achievement in a series of male- oriented myths such as mastership, the mounties, explorers, freedom fighters, bushrangers, missionaries,” ( p.9) MATERIALS AND METHODS This…

In the case of Foe, Coetzee finds a perfect figure in Susan Barton to delve into the notion of Spivakian othering as one who goes on a journey of being a ‘settler’ to a subaltern. As Spivak delineates, Coetzee’s text can be taught as: 1. Correcting Defoe's imagination of the marginal, in comradeship; 2. Re-inscribing the white woman as agent, as the asymmetrical double of the author. 3. Situating the politics of overdetermination as aporia . 4. Halting before Friday, since for Coetzee,…

"Coleridge was also fascinated by the figure of Iago, and his assessment of the play's enigmatic villain as a "passionless character, all will in intellect" influenced readings of the play for decades (1:49). Indeed, Coleridge's claim that Iago's final soliloquy is best understood as "the motive-hunting of motiveless malignity" (1:49) remains one of the most quoted assessments of Iago to this day. Noting that Othello shares a number of features with traditional morality plays, Spivak argues that…

Edward Lane’s dedication to the works of the Orient, with much focus on Egypt, support Mackenzie's argument. His likeness for the ‘East' didn't just end at the study of Arabic or the translations of Arabic work into English, but he went further to dress and marry a Greek-Egyptian lady. Other Victorian writers in the calibre of Lane who expressed admiration and reverence for the East and its cultures and religion according to Bratlinger, are William Jones, Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, and many others…

part of human world with their level of consciousness and unheard voices. It is the issue of those “the silent and silenced center”, as Spivak remarked the identity of subaltern group. The debate over Subalternity may proceed with a question whether to location a person is subaltern position or not. The person who shares feelings amidst own…

This thesis attempts to apply postcolonial studies on the case of Korean Chinese who are doubly dislocated and otherized, as I argue. It examines the identity of Korean Chinese as Korean ethnic minority in China and also ethnic return migrants in South Korea expressed in the literature. It explores the factors that trigger the identity crisis of Korean Chinese and constantly causing them to search for a new home. In doing so, two works written by a second-generation of Korean Chinese novelist…

of Subaltern. The distinguished literary and cultural critic Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak defines subaltern in an interview with Leon de Kock (1992) as “everything that has limited or no access to cultural imperialism— a space of difference.” In her recent work “Scattered Speculations on the Subaltern and the Popular” (2005), Spivak notes that to be a subaltern is to be removed from all lines of social mobility. Spivak further adds that subalternity is where social lines of mobility, do not permit…