Fiscal conservatism

In the last century there has been major changes to higher education. “Going to university, an experience confined to less than 2% of 18-year olds before the Second World War, is now almost a rite of passage for a third of young people in the UK. The present government aims to see half of all 18-30 year olds experiencing some form of higher education.”(Anon, 2015) As early as 1939 there was only 39 universities in Britain and a small number of 50,000 students attended. This was because…

After WW1, the winners which were the United States, United Kingdom, and France adapted the underlying principles of liberalism that has been practiced since the 17th and 18th centuries to try and avoid war. Liberal thought is grounded in a notion that human nature is good, not evil, meaning that states thrive in a world governed by morality and law. States want to cooperate to achieve mutual goals in peace. Just like realism, liberalism derives from the observations and interpretations of…

Parliamentary and Presidential System Conservatism and Liberalism are political ideologies that differ in their intellectual structures. Conservatism includes two Christian doctrines: Universal equal rights and original sin. This lead to the conclusions that freedom is the most precious and fragile blessing we possess and also that no single individual or group can be trusted to protect and preserve it for us. (Shlichta p. 1, 2011) Conservatives believe that society should have balanced powers…

In his essay, Two Concepts of Liberty, Isaiah Berlin favours negative over positive liberty as it is “the truer and more humane ideal” and argues that positive law threatens individual autonomy by justifying paternalistic coercion. In his work, Democracy in America, Alexis de Tocqueville views liberty as a benefit produced by political life under a free government and posits a conception of positive liberty as political participation. This essay will argue contrary to Berlin, that positive…

The moral argument for liberal theorists is that people have a duty to natural law, and natural law is the moral law. As human beings, nature gives us the rights of freedom and equality, and it is through moral behavior that these rights are protected. The moral and amoral behavior found through reason is the foundation of law. Through government these rights are protected, but if these natural rights are to be violated, people can choose to leave or alter the government. “Right of the people to…

The women’s movement of the 1960s was a movement that should have happened a long time ago. Women have been excluded from the government since the beginning of America even though they were just as important as men were to certain events, like abolition or prohibition. Women are central to society and should have been treated as such from the beginning. The movement took decades to be included in mainstream culture. When it finally was being talked about, the movement accomplished many goals…

Legislation and regulation regarding immigration into Canada have been major issue and a growing topic of discussion in recent years. Canada has a population of 33 million and has needed a large influx of immigrants to help support the workforce. With more skilled immigrants arriving to Canada, more would be able to contribute to the economy of Canada. In 2002, the number of immigrants was 229,000. In 2015, Canada has welcomed over 285,000 new citizens to live in Canada. Just last year in 2015…

ideologies, and each of try to find solution to different political problems. Some of these ideologies have influenced others. An example of this is modern liberalism and modern conservatism in the United States. Both modern liberalism and modern conservatism were influenced by classical liberalism and classic conservatism. Roskin describes classical liberalism as being deeply rooted in the philosophy of John Locke and Adam Smith. John Locke believed all people are born free and equal, and that…

It held the belief on how societies are imperfect and faulty by nature? According to Heywood, he defines conservatism as a human is being emotionally and mentally weak. Therefore, they need support. In other word, humans are “dependent creatures” (Heywood, 2011). As in nature, people believe that conservatism is natural where society is to be unequal. Conservatives used their principles on specific beliefs such as Tradition, Pragmatism, Hierarchy, Authority…

In world politics, there are two main theories, realism, and liberalism. Realism is when politicians exemplify or perceive things as they are in the world, unlike liberalism where it is believed that people are capable of improvement and have confidence that people will develop into something better (Baylis et Al,2014: 4). “Realism is mostly concerned with questions of order justice and change at the domestic, regional and international levels” (Lebow, 2016: 35), unlike liberalism which is…