Facial expression

The rare disease known as Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a genetic disorder that causes newborn children to age more rapidly than normal. HGPS belongs to a group of progeroid syndromes that can classified as segmental disorder that affect many tissues and organs and display symptoms that resemble physiological aging. This disorder unfortunately results in a short life span for those affected. It is reported that it occurs about 1 in 8 million births around the globe. (Arancio,…

Introduction Tafazzin, encoded by the nuclear gene TAZ is primarily found in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it plays an important role in cardiolipin (CL) remodeling (Xu et al. 2006). Tafazzin shares amino acid sequence homology to acyl transferases (Vreken et al. 2000). TAZ is located on chromosome Xq28 and comprises 11 exons and 2 alternative translation initiation sites (Johnston et al. 1997). Among four major transcripts: TAZ-FL (full-length), TAZ-Δ5 (lacking exon 5), TAZ- Δ7…

A gene knockout is a genetically engineered organism that has one or more genes in its chromosomes that have been manipulated or made. They are also called knockout organisms or knockouts. They are being used to learn about how genes are sequenced, and what unknown functions of the gene are. Researchers analyze the differences between the knockout individuals and normal individuals. Knockouts are accomplished by using a combination of techniques. Single cells are genetically manipulated with the…

levels of gene expression on chromosome 21 tissues are reported in several studies, where increased copy number do not always correspond with increased gene expression level or gene function. DS presents altered pattern of DNA methylation in genes in two or three copies with functional differences in gene expression. Studies show trisomy 21 results in altered expression of microRNAs (noncoding RNA involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation, possibly result in abnormal expression of…

Current understanding of DJ-1 mutations leading to loss of function The PARK7 gene is responsible for encoding the DJ-1 protein. DJ-1 is an oncogene, meaning it is a gene that can potentially cause cancer. That said, it is expressed in almost all cells and provides multiple intracellular functions. It can be noted that, DJ-1 protein provides extracellular protections, suggesting a role for DJ-1 as an anti-oxidative stress and molecular chaperone. In particular, the DJ-1…

Epigenetic modifications/factors are heritable changes in gene activity and expression that occur without alteration in genomic DNA sequences. Epigenetic changes lead to the modulation of intrinsic gene activates, which are ultimately responsible for protein translation and cellular activities. In B cells, microRNAs are epigenetic factors that modulate the expression of Aicda, which is essential for Ig class switch DNA recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM), and Prdm1, which is…

The Non-GMO Project educates consumers about what GMOs are. GMOs or genetically modified organisms result from the manipulation of genetic materials in organisms through genetic engineering. This leads to a mix of plant, animal, and viral genes that do not occur naturally or through crossbreeding methods. However, instead of having consumer benefits or enriched nutrients, they are suspected to cause health problems (Non GMO Project). Some effects of GMOs include allergies, organ malfunction and…

The objective of the first problem summary assignment was to compose an essay illustrating the impact of non-coding on gene expression, utilize primary articles to discuss the role of specific non-coding RNA molecules in the transcriptome, and examine the implications of current study on future research. In order to accomplish this, I analyzed and summarized the primary research article by Chen et al., which discussed the role of Malat1 in cellular proliferation and differentiation. Once I…

The Book of Life Worksheet Please submit your assignment as a .pdf file. This ensures that it is readable on every computer. Please also put your last name in your save file (i.e. ChewBookofLife.pdf) 1. What organisms are believed to be the oldest organisms on Earth? Archaea (oldest!) and Bacteria. 2. What do you think are the implications of studying these organisms in comparison to human DNA? What knowledge might we gain about ourselves from them? There are many genes that are similar…

Jennifer Reyes Phil 110-31 Professor Noonan Positives about GMO’s According to Monsanto,“GMO are Genetically Modified Organism. The procedure takes on a valuable characteristic that helps a living thing flourish in nature, in the same way as a capacity to utilize water effectively, and adjusts that quality to another plant so it can better make due in its surroundings.” GMO’s are mainly used to help to increase crop production and increase the production of food, too feed many. According to…