Evolutionary developmental biology

Gurdon was born on October 2nd 1933, in Dippehall United kingdom. He is an English developmental biologist. He was awarded a Nobel Prize in 2012 for his research on how mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent. Sir Gordon in his research wanted to show the capacity nuclei taken from intestinal epithelium cell of feeding tadpole…

TITLE PAGE EXECTUTIVE SUMMARY CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION CASE STUDY REPORT BODY BIOPRINING- Design concepts- Bioprinting is the three-dimensional printing of biological tissue and organs through the layering of living cells. While this area of manufacturing is still in the experimental stage and is currently used primarily in scientific study rather than applied science, the possibility of creating functional replacement…

2.1. Artificial Insemination (AI) : Development of techniques for successful. .freezing of spermatozoa has progressively evolved over the. . Past 60 years (Kucuk et al., 2014). At the starting of 20th century Ivanov started studying on artificial insemination (AI) of sheep’s, where Ivanov’s .studies on extenders and reproduction resulted in the development and the practical application of AI in farm animals, reviewed by (Bohlooli et al., 2012). AI provides. .many advantages to farmers and…

Clonality is homogeneity in the genotype of cells originating from a specific linage. One cell like the other, expressing the same set of genes to carryout functions that they have to do as a tissue; a causality of cells having a common ancestor or a progenitor cell which can be sourced at one point in time of development of an organism. This expansion of one cell into various clones occurs via a process called clonal expansion. The process is not different in cancer cells, there is one cell…

Stems Cells The use of stems cells has caused immense controversy among humanity over the years. There is a very thin line between the use of stem cells for science purposes and the morality of using stem cells, even for the reasons of science. The argument surrounding the use of stem cells, like any argument, has two sides to the argument. There are those who are in favor of the use of stems, and there are those are against the use of stem cells with arguments that support both opinions; I…

totipotency, pluripotency and multipotency (Pei, Xu, Zhuang, Tse, & Esteban, 2010). Figure 1: Developmental potential of stem cells. Totipotent cells are cells that have the potential to produce the whole organism, which, in essence, is the zygote. As the cells develop, the developmental potential decreases as specificity increases (pluripotent-multipotent-unipotent). With cellular reprogramming, developmental potential can be…

because they make up tissue, which develops into an organism (What Is a Cell?). These organisms include humans and humans study cells in order to fix physical damage done to the human body and create cures for diseases, and disabilities (Why Cell Biology is So Important?). Therefore, cell research provides medical benefits, but it also creates a rising dilemma occurring presently in medical science, where a patient’s cells are being taken without his or her consent. This problem is further…

Epigenetics is defined as the study of changes in organisms resulting from modifications in gene expressions.The use of stem cells prove to be a vital part in the course of Epigenetics.Stem cells are characterized by two traits. They are self-renewal, able to divide into more identical cells and pluripotency, which allow the cells to become any kind of cell such as Erthrocyte or osteoclast.The relationship between epignetics and stem cells paved a pathway to an experiment relating to the…

My first research experience started when I participated in bone scaffold designing project at the Cooper Union in Spring 2012, under the supervision of professor David Wootton at Cooper Union Department of Mechanical Engineering. The purpose of this study was to design and manufacture bone scaffold for orthopedic trauma, especially for segmented bone fracture. I worked with a senior mechanical engineering student who had been conducting the research as his senior capstone project. The first…

Duplicate Copy Human cloning is a rather controversial subject that has passionate people on both sides of the debate. It’s a technology that some feel questions their ethical standings and hits a little too close to home. On the other hand, human cloning could also provide medical answers to some incurable diseases, birth defects, and genetic disorders that currently have no treatments. Necessary sacrifices must be made for advancements in science to produce results. Many people claim that…