2.1. Artificial Insemination (AI) :
Development of techniques for successful. .freezing of spermatozoa has progressively evolved over the. . Past 60 years (Kucuk et al., 2014). At the starting of 20th century Ivanov started studying on artificial insemination (AI) of sheep’s, where Ivanov’s .studies on extenders and reproduction resulted in the development and the practical application of AI in farm animals, reviewed by (Bohlooli et al., 2012).
AI provides. .many advantages to farmers and takes full benefits of the estrus synchronization protocol (Cseh et al., 2012). The small ruminant industry was changed by. .the AI since it produces better management of reproduction. .and venereal diseases, increment of the genetic improvement,, transportation of advantageous genetics and preservation of the genetics of. . Life threated breeds (Cseh et al., 2012).
The difficulty in applying frozen-thawed sperm in ram render the application of AI is less commonly used than in other domestic species (Salamon and Maxwell, 2000). Research. .on preservation of spermatozoa under artificial conditions was stimulated due to need to use the rams over …show more content…
Glutathione addition in semen extender up to a level of 2 mM was found to be protective against the damaging effects of free radicals, beyond that no protective effects were found in bull spermatozoa (Bilodeau et al., 2001). The addition of. .glutathione to the semen extender prevented the loss of sperm motility by inhibition of lipid peroxidation caused by ROS in frozen thawed bull semen (Bilodeau et al., 2001) and goats (Sinha et al., 1996). Moreover, glutathione increased the viability, plasma membrane and acrosomal integrity after thawing buffalo spermatozoa (Ansari et al.,
Development of techniques for successful. .freezing of spermatozoa has progressively evolved over the. . Past 60 years (Kucuk et al., 2014). At the starting of 20th century Ivanov started studying on artificial insemination (AI) of sheep’s, where Ivanov’s .studies on extenders and reproduction resulted in the development and the practical application of AI in farm animals, reviewed by (Bohlooli et al., 2012).
AI provides. .many advantages to farmers and takes full benefits of the estrus synchronization protocol (Cseh et al., 2012). The small ruminant industry was changed by. .the AI since it produces better management of reproduction. .and venereal diseases, increment of the genetic improvement,, transportation of advantageous genetics and preservation of the genetics of. . Life threated breeds (Cseh et al., 2012).
The difficulty in applying frozen-thawed sperm in ram render the application of AI is less commonly used than in other domestic species (Salamon and Maxwell, 2000). Research. .on preservation of spermatozoa under artificial conditions was stimulated due to need to use the rams over …show more content…
Glutathione addition in semen extender up to a level of 2 mM was found to be protective against the damaging effects of free radicals, beyond that no protective effects were found in bull spermatozoa (Bilodeau et al., 2001). The addition of. .glutathione to the semen extender prevented the loss of sperm motility by inhibition of lipid peroxidation caused by ROS in frozen thawed bull semen (Bilodeau et al., 2001) and goats (Sinha et al., 1996). Moreover, glutathione increased the viability, plasma membrane and acrosomal integrity after thawing buffalo spermatozoa (Ansari et al.,