Ethanol

In the design of the ethanol production plant, the fermenter, flash drum, absorption column, and distillation columns were the only process units considered in great detail. Other process units significant in the overall material balances and design were the starch extraction, starch hydrolysis, and adsorption units. Material Processing Details The material feedstock comprises of roughly 6250 kg/h of potato waste, which is put through the starch extraction unit in order to isolate the 18% by…

In this experiment we used the alcohols methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol, and tested the beet membranes at 0% alcohol concentration, 10% alcohol concentration, 20% alcohol concentration, 30% alcohol concentration, and 40% alcohol concentration. We used 0.5cm3 beet pieces throughout the entire experiment to keep the surface area constant in each alcohol. We then submerged one cube of the beet in each concentration of each alcohol for 15 minutes. We then found the concentration of Betacyanin in…

3-(4-acetylphenyl)-6-bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one (2) Compound 1 ( 0.01 mol) fused with p-aminoacetophenone ( 0.01 mol) at 160 oC in an oil bath for 2 h. Crystallized from ethanol to give redish brown crystals of 2, m.p. 210oC in 80% yield. Analysis for C22H14BrClN2O2, Calcd.: % C, 58.24; H, 3.11; N, 6.17, Found: % C, 58.31; H, 3.17; N, 6.20, IR spectrum (KBr, cm-1) showed characteristic absorption bands at 3380 (C-H aromatic), 1710 (C=O of acetyl), at 1690 (C=O of…

The formation of benzilic acid results from the reaction of benzil with ethanol and potassium benzilate. In order to produce benzil, benzoin was reacted with nitric acid. A crude product of benzil was produced from the reaction of benzoin and nitric acid. Through the process of multi-step synthesis, benzil was produced through the oxidation of an alpha-hydroxyketone to an alpha-diketone using nitric acid. Prior to the reaction of nitric acid and benzoin, nitric acid was protonated to form an…

RESULTS SOLUBILITY ANALYSIS: Ketoprofen sample was found to be soluble in ethanol, Chloroform, ether, acetone at neutral pH and is found to be almost insoluble in water. Solubility analysis is important because the drug has to dissolve in the solvents and also in the dissolution medium used. MELTING POINT DETERMINATION: The melting point of the Ketoprofen was found to be 96˚C by open capillary tube using microcontroller based melting point apparatus which is within the reported range of 94˚C…

glycerol was produced on an industrial scale. The glycerol production involved the sulfite-steered yeast process. Yeast fermentation to produce glycerol has been known since Louis Pasteur’s era in 1858. During World War II the glycerol produced from ethanol fermentation was not enough because of its low yield, thus chemical synthesis was used. Multiple methods were created by many researchers to create a more efficient method of glycerol production. There are three processes in the production…

and literary values for enthalpy change Alcohol Molar Mass (g/mol) Mass of Alcohol Combusted (g) Enthalpy (kJ/mol) Enthalpy literature value [Stretton n.d.] (kJ/mol) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average (mean) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average (mean) Ethanol 46.07 1.447 1.327 1.371 1.382 -133.1 -145.1 -140.5 -139.3 -1367 Propanol 60.10 1.133 1.375 1.255 1.254 -221.7 -182.7 -200.2 -200.3 -2021 Butanol 74.12 1.181 1.046 1.119 1.115 -262.3 -296.2 -276.9 -277.9 -2676 Pentanol 88.15 1.047 1.006 1.166…

TiV photocatalyst was prepared by sol–gel method using tetra-n-butyl titanate as the precursor. Solution A was prepared by dissolving 17 mL TBT in 30 mL anhydrous ethanol with stirring (300 rpm) for 30 min. The other solution that contained 28.35 mL anhydrous ethanol, 7.25 mL deionized water and 20 mL 3 M acetic acid was slowly added into the above solution with magnetic stirring at room temperature. The prepared mixture was further hydrolyzed for 60 min with stirring until the transparent sol…

remove the liquid- do this step three times. Then remove the crystals using a Hirsch funnel and recrystallize it using a mixture of 70:30 ethanol and water. Add a boiling stone to help with boiling and place tube in steam bath till solid is dissolved. Once solid is dissolved allow mixture to cool and remove crystals via filtration, wash crystals with 70% cold ethanol, calculate percent yield, and perform IR. The experimental melting point of dibenzalacetone was 95-100°C and its literature…

using Different Solvents The grounded Ixora coccinea and Beta vulgaris plant samples were extracted using the following solvents: Acetone, ethanol, methanol and ethyl acetate. The absorbance was noted to select the best choice of solvent for extraction. Inference Acetone, ethanol and methanol showed higher values. But, the dye extracted from acetone and ethanol did not fix to the fabric properly. So, methanol was selected as solvent for extraction of the natural dyes from the plant materials.…