Agar

AIM: To create competent E.coli cells by using the chemical method (calcium chloride treatment) To transform the competent bacterial cells using plasmid DNA and evaluate the transformation efficiency. PRINCIPLE: Competent cells are pre-prepared bacterial cells that possess altered cell walls through which foreign DNA can enter the cell easily. Most cells cannot take up DNA efficiently unless they have been treated with chemicals or exposed to electrical treatments in order to make them…

Vibrio Fischeri, Rachel Brown: BM304 Revision Guide 2016 Physiology: Vibrio Fischeri are Gram negative, motile rods. One of the key features that can be found in the species Vibrio Fischeri is its bioluminescence. This bioluminescence comes from one of the products of a reaction catalysed by the enzyme luciferase (see biochemistry and metabolism). Vibrio Fischeri are easy to grow and they display chemotaxic behaviour. It is best to grow Vibrio Fischeri at 28 degrees Celsius. (DeLoney-Marino CR,…

Streptococcus is a genus of non-motile gram-positive cocci classified by serological types (Lancefield groups A through T), by hemolytic action (a, B, Y) when grown on blood agar, and by reaction to bacterial viruses (phage types 1 to 86). The various species occur in pairs, short chains, and chains. Some are facultative aerobes, and some are anaerobic. Some species also are hemolytic, and others are non-hemolytic. Many species cause disease in humans. Streptococcus faecalis, a…

The Indian subcontinent has served as a major corridor for the genetic diversity of its inhabitants. Modern-day human population dispersal routes is punctuated with delineating migrations that eventually led anatomically modern humans (AMH) to spread over most parts of the world within the past 100,000 years (Cavalli- Sforza, Menozzi and Piazza 1994; Lahr and Foley 1994). Migration waves are influenced by landscape traversed and thus, natural inter continental passageways acting as corridors…

Water Shortage: Waterborne Diseases The aspect of water security I choose to focus on is water pollution, specifically waterborne diseases. Waterborne diseases such as polio, cholera, hepatitis, and dysentery are awful diseases and considerably debilitating and in some cases fatal. These diseases are caused by highly pathogenic waterborne bacteria such as Clostridium botulinum, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella dysenteriae, and Salmonella typhi. The World Health Organization attributes the mortality…

Aileen San BIO 210L – Section 4 A Prokaryotic System for Transformation, Expression, and Purification of Eukaryotic Proteins Introduction: The bacteria E.coli is found in many places such as in animal intestines and the environment. These bacteria have a simple structure and are quick to reproduce (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). Because of this, scientists know a lot about E. coli. In this experiment, the E. coli will be exposed to a pGLO plasmid; each plasmid has an…

The main objective of this paper by Ando et al. was to explore the nature of association between the protein MEF/ELF4 and the nucleophosmin, NPM1, along with its implications with regards to leukemogenesis; the mutant version of the latter has been commonly associated with leukemia. MEF/ELF4 is part of a family of transcriptional factors (ETS) responsible for numerous cellular functions, such as genomic stability, DNA repair, and most importantly, the regulation of cell proliferation,…

Kayla Southworth Professor Borgeson Bio 251 December 4, 2015 Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter pylori is a microbe that comes from the kingdom bacteria, under the domain of Eubacteria, where its phylum is the proteobacteria. While Helicobacteria pylori is in the wide phylum of Proteobacteria it is grouped under the order of Epsilonproteobacteria under its subset of Campylobacterales. When Helicobacter pylori go under the performance of a gram stain it comes out…

1000875555 Mofetoluwa Adeosun What effect does Packaging have on the quality and safety of Sardines? Fish is a highly perishable food whose shelf life is limited to the concentration of atmospheric oxygen and the growth of spoilage microorganisms. A technique involving the modification of the atmosphere within the package reduces the oxygen concentration while increasing the carbon dioxide concentration, leading to an increase in the shelf life of the highly perishable food at chilled…

took in the fragrance of the freshly cut grass. The umpire bellowed, “batter up!” and I spit out the last of the salty sunflower seeds that were in my mouth before advancing into the batter’s box, shirking the crisp white paint that merged with the agar-lime in numerous spots left over from the previous inning. I adjusted my hands on the bat and prepared myself for the first pitch. The pitcher wound up, and launched herself off the pitching mound, while swinging her arm in a single circle…