Agar

2. Materials and Methods: The keratin was extracted from Chicken feather which were collected from the local market of Raipur (21.14°N 81.38°E) Chhattisgarh, India. The 91% food grade alginate (sodium salt form) was purchased from Loba Chemie. The β-mercatpoethanol (mol. wt. 78.13) from LOBA Chemie, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (mol. wt. 288.38) and urea (mol. wt. 60.06) was purchased from Merck, and ethanol was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Antimicrobial strain of gram negative bacteria…

bacteria are encapsulated gram-positive coccus. They are an elongated shaped cell that is arranged in pairs and in short chains and are non- motile and non –sporing organisms. S. pneumonia is cultivated in the anaerobic condition in blood or chocolate agar in thirty-seven degrees celsius and is incubated for twenty-four hours; this increases the bacteria growth by five to ten percent. The characteristic of the culture of S. pneumonia is a small smooth colony with alpha hemolysis. S. pneumoniae…

• Macro and Micromorphology Analysis Colony diameters after 7 days at 25°C were as follows: CYA: 70-77 mm, MEA: 56-60 mm, YESA: 69-79 mm, OAT: 42-45 mm, CREA: 3-4 mm and CYA + 5% NaCl: no growth. On CYA at 10ºC conidia germinate, at 15ºC, 20ºC and 30ºC growth is evident with colony diameters of 9-17 mm, 59-71 mm and 56-86 mm, respectively. The species does not grow on CYA at 37ºC and 42ºC while at 33ºC the colony diameters varies from 0 to 22 mm, indicating that at this temperature the growth…

contributing factors in some cases if the conditions are just right, but they are not the breeding ground that one might think. What failed and failing states do is create a perfect environment for terrorism to spawn and flourish like a petri dish and the agar with a biotoxin. Robert Rothberg is unsubstantially quoted as saying that factors such as demographic pressures, deprivation, corruption, organized crime, identity cleavages, and resource scarcity contribute to the growth of terrorism.…

The Extraordinary Science of Microbiology There are a wide variety of microorganisms in this world. The major groups of microorganisms include bacteria and fungi. These microorganisms are found all over the earth. The study of microorganisms started in the mid-1600’s. Most people believed that microorganisms only spread deadly diseases, but scientists proved that microorganisms can also be beneficial to human life. The wide variety of microorganisms that are found everywhere are most well…

1.1 Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living non-parasitic, non-infectious, non-pathogenic, transparent Nematode (roundworm). It has a full grown length of about 1mm, a life span of around 3 weeks and is found in temperate soil environments where it survives by feeding on microbes such as bacteria. [1] Consisting of about 1000 somatic cells as an adult, C. elegans is amenable to genetic crosses and produces a large number of progeny, at times even…

Title: Construction of FATTY ACID DESATURASE 2 (FAD2) gene knockouts using RNAi novel technique in the model plant Thlaspi arvense. Abstract: FATTY ACID DESATURASE 2 and FATTYU ACID ELONGASE 1 (FAE1) are the two genes of interest present in the plant pennycress. FAD2 is in the pathway that synthesizes the polyunsaturated linoleic (18:2) and linoleic (18:3) fatty acids from the monounsaturated oleic acid (18:1). Polyunsaturated fatty acids are undesirable in biodiesel because they confer…

S.aureus can be sensitized to B-lactams by preventing WTA biosynthesis through inactivation of TarO, which catalyses the first step of the WTA pathway(Maki,Campbell). This identified WTA biosynthesis as an attractive target for novel strategies to treat MRSA. WTAs are structurally diverse anionic polymers covalently attached to PG(Vollmer,Swoboda) and in S.aureus consist of a polyribitol-phosphate backbone of 11-40 repeating units(Xia10) decorated with three tailoring modifications:…

to ensure that we can get an accurate and reliable result. Besides that, the parameter and standardization of disc diffusion method procedure should be followed to get the accurate and reproducible results. For example, the pH of the Mueller-Hinton agar should be maintained in the range of 7.2 -7.4 and keep it in room temperature after gelling. Otherwise, some antimicrobials will appear to lose potency while other agents may appear to have excessive activity. (S. Karlsmose 2010) One of the…

Antimicrobial agents are agents that kill off microbes or make them less harmful to other organisms like humans. They are classified into three types. The first type is Antibiotics, these are antimicrobial agents that come from other microbes and are used to kill bacteria. They are typically taken internally and they act differently depending on the organism. The second type is Antiseptics, these are microbial agents used on the skin and they are harmful to microbes. The third type is…