Acetic acid

plate.5 Thus, compounds are separated according to their differing behavior in the adsorbent-solvent system, with their final heights on the plate and Rf values determined, in general, by their relative degrees of polarity. For best results, acetic acid was a necessary component of the development solvent in this experiment because it was a source of protons, which prevented the…

homogenate solution was taken and mixed with 5 ml of phosphate buffer of pH 7.4. To this 4 ml of 0.2 M H2O2 was added and time noted. Exactly after 180 seconds of adding H2O2, a set of 1ml of reaction mixture from the above was taken and 2 ml dichromate acetic acid was added. It was then kept in a boiling water bath for 10 minutes. All the tubes were then cooled under running tap water and finally readings were taken at 570 nm against reagent blank. The catalase activity in gastric tissue was…

The experiment began by weighing 2.0g of acetanilide into a round bottom flask and adding a stir bar. 20ml of glacial acetic acid was added to the flask and was covered with a watch glass. The solution was stirred until the acetanilide was dissolved. The flask was brought to the hood and 7.0g of pyridinium tribromide was added and then stirred for about 30 minutes with a watch glass as a cover. While stirring, 10% sodium bisulfite was added in 1ml increments until the orange/red color…

Reagents 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (Sigma-Aldrich), 2,4 dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) (Sigma-Aldrich), ferric sulfate (nH2O) (Carlo Erba), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (Carlo Erba), acetonitrile (Sigma-Aldrich) and Milli-Q water were used to perform all the experiments . All the reagents were used without further purification. Natural groundwater samples Samples were taken from groundwater wells localized in a small rural community (coordinates: 3º21’03.38” N, 76º26’24.51”) near to the…

different activation times. The decrease in riboflavin over time makes sense as the bacteria and archaea in the media use the vitamin as a cofactor in the digestion of cellulose as well as with other sugars and fats. (2) The The LOD and LOQ of the acetic acid solution were well below the concentration standards used for riboflavin, though the LOQ was close to the riboflavin values when the media was run on its own. With the standard addition, however, the majority of the riboflavin…

the presence of any peroxide initiator gives TEFLON • PROPERTIES  Teflon is linear polymer with a high degree of crstallinity  Its flow temperature is high  It is practically insoluble in all solvents  It is chemically inert and not attacked by acids, alkalis, oxidizing and reducing agents  It is not wetted by oil or water  It has high resistance to impact wear and tear  It is thermally stable and has a good electrical insulating property  Because of all the above properties it is known…

Determining Percent Composition of Unknown Copper Ore Sample Iodine-thiosulfate Method: An Analytical Method The objective of this experiment is to eliminate all interfering species from a sample of unknown copper ore in order to later determine pure copper content. Copper ore can be found in a mineral that contains pure copper and other species that is mined and can later have copper extracted from them (Taher, 1999). To eliminate all interfering species, such as Iron, Arsenic, and…

Luminol is synthesized in a two-step reaction. The first step is the condensation of 3-nitrophthalic acid. The product of this step subsequently reacts with sodium dithionite to reduce the –NO2 to –NH2. The reaction mechanisms for these steps are depicted below.…

most reactive. So when sodium gives its extra electron to chlorine when the bond takes place, it now has a positive charge, as there are more protons than electrons. Chlorine is now a negatively charged ion, as it has more electrons than protons. Acids are positively charged, and the more positive hydrogen atoms they have in them, the more acidic they are. Whereas when bases contain more negatively charged hydroxide, and depending how much there is, can make a substance more alkaline. The two…

In order for this reaction to occur an aldehyde, ammonia, and two equivalents of a B-ketoester go through a one-pot cyclocondensation reaction. After 1,4-dihydropyridine is formed, it is then oxidized to form its pyridine derivative. Alcohol or Acetic acid is then used as a refluxing solvent for this compound. This compound has been found to have many uses including the treatment of cardiovascular disease and Ca2+ channel blockers. These dihydropyridines are also powerful antioxidants. In this…