Sea Shanties are a class of work songs that date back as far as the 16th century in Scotland. However, they truly flourished over a span of fifty years in the mid 1800’s after being popularized by the Atlantic merchant trade. Sailors used chants for synchronizing shipboard labor. They are typically flexible in lyric form that would allow for easy improvisation. This would allow the shantyman (leader/head) to lengthen or shorten the call and response to match the work. Shantyman (solo):…
that the Paramount case had on the film industry was that it leveled the playing field for all production companies. The number of theaters owned by Paramount was staggering. The owned 933 studios the next closest was RKO with 187.(p.195) Another effect was that theaters actually had to put forth effort in making their movies. Before the Paramount Case all a theater had to give bank was a movie as a collateral versus post Paramount case actual collateral such as theater. It made Paramount less…
Golden Age of Hollywood. But of course a system that gave the majority of the power to only a handful of top companies, wasn’t going to last long. The 1940s brought on the development of Television, low finances, and the Supreme Court decision on the Paramount Case. Although the 1940s through the 1960s brought on…
The Paramount decision and the Hollywood blacklist took place during the time of the Golden Age of Hollywood and are often viewed as the fall of the studio system. During this time, studios had almost complete control over the entire film industry. They had total jurisdiction over all of the different aspects of filmmaking beginning with the development, all the way until the release of films. A great number of the biggest theaters were owned and run by the studios during this time. As for any…
Age of Hollywood, the studio system ruled the film industry. The big studios such as Paramount, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Warner Bros., 20th Century Fox, and RKO Radio Pictures owned their own theaters and controlled what was played at them. However due to many reasons, both the Golden Age of Hollywood and the studio system would come to an end. In 1948, the US Supreme Court issued a decision in the U.S. vs. Paramount Pictures antitrust lawsuit. History.com says, “The government’s case accused the…
The major influencers of the 1940’s and 1950’s American film scene were the landmark anti-trust case with Paramount and the initiation of the Hollywood blacklist. Beginning in the run-up to World War II and lasting until the 1960’s these two elements shaped the persona of film in the United States. These two events caused the direction of Hollywood to favor independent filmmakers, reduce Hollywood’s influence on the motion picture distribution and presentation chain and removed qualified actors,…
today as a time when Hollywood produced their films at their own studios. During this time film companies held the market for all films, held workers into contracts and monopolized the industry. During this time period eight studios; Columbia, MGM, Paramount, RKO, 20th Century Fox, United Artists, Universal and Warner Bros. produced 75 percent of the films made in the United States. Seven of the eight studios released an average of 45 films per year. The time in history was a “golden age” for…
Movies were America’s form of visual entertainment before the invention of TV. Today, movies are seen as a lucrative and popular media industry. However, movies make less money than newspapers, television, and publishing. They are expensive, and they do not promise a return of profit. The technology behind movies had a long evolution. It first started with the invention of the photographic gun camera. This camera was used by Etienne- Jules Marey and Edward Muybridge. These men worked on…
The Discovery of Movies There are very few people in todays world that don’t enjoy sitting down on a comfortable couch, in front of a big screen, eating delicious snacks and having a nice cold drink. The movie and T.V. market has abounded will all the recent technology convergence, giving everyone the ability to watch their favorite movies or shows on their own time. An estimated 4.9 billion dollars was spent by consumers last year to buy and rent movies, and if that wasn’t enough, the market…
and became a maid in a Philadelphia Hotel. On her 17th birthday, she attended a costume party at a nightclub on Juniper Street, where she was persuaded to sing two songs, her singing impressed the audience so much she was offered work at Lincoln Theater in Baltimore, Maryland, where she earned $10.00 a week, but her manager cheated…