POLS 500A: Research Design Research Summary Black Cities/White Cities: Evaluating the Police Michelle Fletcher Prof. Stephen Bloom Fall 2014 The article “Black Cities/White Cities: Evaluating the Police” by Susan E, Howell, Huey L. Perry, and Matthew Vile (2004) empirically tests the assumptions that many Americans have about citizen attitudes toward law enforcement agencies, and how citizens evaluate the police. Generally, research in this area involves performing a comparative analysis of…
will be that legislatures have a high interest in perverting their interpretations of the constitution for political points, particularly in ways that favor majorities and harm minorities. While I think the greater possibility of biased constitutional interpretation by legislatures is harm enough, I add the point about minorities to reveal the potential damage of allowing partisan politicians to interpret a document meant “to declare principles that stand above every earthly power—the equality…
relative to the dominant group (Blalock, 1967; Schlueter & Davidov, 2013). Initial evidence in support of this model at the aggregate level of the city or county has associated an increase in minority population with increased attacks on minority groups (Green et al., 1998), higher negative attitudes towards minorities (Taylor, 1998). King and Wheelock (2007) provided the first demonstration that these area level associations are mediated by individuals’ perception of threat. Amongst white…
things could be and they allow this knowledge to color their perception of their current way of life (to include those institutions that dictate/influence this way of life), then they are more apt to begin investigating a new way of doing things. If their feelings are strong enough,…
which is nothing more than the ability of the family to face the changes and adapt to the social environment; That is, the capacity to modify the power structure, role relationships, and rules depending on the new situation. One of the greatest influences on African-American families is religion, the "LGBT persons who mature in a religious community context experiencing increased discrimination and internalized homophobia (ie, negative attitudes, beliefs, feelings, and stereotypes…
I am: Female, Young, Somalian, Muslim, Optimistic, Open-minded, Friendly. My identity is multidimensional because there are many factors such as the descriptors above that make up and that had an influence on make me the person I am today. I also consider my identity multidimensional because it is made up of more than one factor or dimension of myself such as my gender, race and religion. Based on the article the meaning of a both a dominant and a subordinate are, a dominant group is a group…
Affirmative action was to ensure that all Americans were treated equally disregarding their race. The meaning some how has lost its value and the understanding behind it. Diversity takes part in the controversial topic. For example, Blacks as a group have always acquired less education than Whites as a group. However, society stereotypically assume Blacks as weak minded when hearing dropouts. There continues to be controversial wrangling over Affirmative Action Program, and the future of this…
population makes the U.S prison population the largest in the world as of today. The prison population explosion that happened during the time period of 1972-2000 was caused by many factors, however this population was disproportionately that of minorities. During the 1980’s there was a nation-wide crack epidemic that caused crime to get out of control (Pettit & Western 2004). The people demanded a get tough approach on drugs and crime. That’s when the government delivered by declaring a War…
result is always predictable, like destiny. Destiny is like any greater force humans cannot see, hear, or touch. It leaves the world divided. Some people believe that outcomes are solely the product of choices. Others believe in a greater force that influences the decisions a person makes. However, a combination of the two are prevalent in the world. Characteristics such as family, appearance, or personality are predetermined before birth and deeply impact a person’s life. Nonetheless, one has…
When James Madison outlines the dangers of faction in Federalist No. 10, he defines faction as “a number of citizens, whether amounting to a majority or minority of the whole, who are united...by some common...interest, adverse to the rights of other citizens.” 1 This wording is critical for examining both the goals and pivotal ideas of the federalist movement. At first glance, this definition seems to reflect the very real fear of mob uprising. Certainly, it’s tone insinuates an image of mob…