In vivo

The use of human embryonic stem cells has been hailed as the next major step in the battle against serious degenerative disorders such as diabetes and heart disease, and for some, debilitating for lethal neurological diseases, such as Parkinson’s. (Braude, Minger & Warwick). However this is a hotly debated issue. Ethical Dilemma The main controversy surrounding stem cell research isn’t about “if” it should be done or not, but rather what source of stem cells are okay to use and what methods are…

Rats along with mice make up about 90% of the animals used in research today. Due to both rats and humans being mammals, they share a variety of similarities in structure and function. Thus making rats ideal candidates for research in laboratories along with them being easy to care for, handle and reproduce. Rats are physiologically, genetically and morphologically closer to humans than other research animals. Rats are used for research in a large variety of human conditions from diabetes and…

5. Identify and describe two tools of measurement in functional anatomy. Two commonly used tools to obtain anthropometric measures are x-ray and goniometers. X-rays and other radiological techniques aid in showing bones structure and mass in vivo. This is possible due to x-rays passing unobstructed through low density tissues and being obstructed by high density tissues. Goniometers are a tool used to measure the range of motion of a joint. This helps identify the plane of movement through…

Scientific Background and Long-term Objectives Blood brain barrier (BBB) is a selectively permeable membrane that controls the passage of substances from the bloodstream to the central nervous system (CNS).Poor penetration of the drugs with various compositions across the BBB is evident in the biomedical research. This impacted greatly the pharmaceutical interventions of various neurodegenerative disorders, brain tumours and impairment of the CNS [1].BBB is the main route for the therapeutic…

Introduction Plant reproduction is a fascinating part of biology. Plants, specifically angiosperms, have unique ways of reproducing. Angiosperms use pollen vectors such as insects, mammals, birds, wind, and even water to deliver their pollen grains to stigmas. The plant of study for this experiment was Mimulus guttatus, also known as the monkeyflower. This plant produces yellow flowers that are bilaterally symmetrical and have five petals. Interestingly, their petals are fused together and…

Before DNA evidence an eyewitness testimony was a pivotal turning point in a case and often the only evidence offered to identify a suspect. The most common method of identification of an eyewitness’s account is a line up. These come in different forms from: verbal, pictures, to actual people present in a room. The idea behind these varied forms of identification allows less bias if someone had only had one sense to identify a suspect. For example: someone who was blindfolded could use a verbal…

I. INTRODUCTION Summary. T cells are one of the several types of lymphocytes that performs several functions in immunity. An example function is immune surveillance, a process in which foreign and diseased host cells are recognized and destroyed by natural killer cells. T cells function in immune surveillance by generating a T-cell response (TCR) which allow them to function in fighting against infection (Swann, J. B. et al, 2007). Recent findings indicate TCR and local non-related factors of…

oxidoreductase category of enzymes in these reactions. In both cases, it will CYP1A1 hydrolyze them. (7) To begin with, a closer look will be taken on the reaction of TCDD with CYP1A1. The metabolism of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) is in vivo (especially human beings) is mainly depended on the cytochrome P450 proteins, mainly on CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and CYP1A2.2 Focusing on CYP1A1, it utilizes a single oxygen atom to begin the reaction and to form a epoxide from PCDD. That is why it is known…

Animal experimentation is the process of using animals to research new technologies, medications, and behaviors of animals. Also known as in vivo testing, vivisection, and animal testing, it is used all over the world to ensure products are safe for human use. People all over the world find the practice to be inhumane, cruel, and unnecessary. Scientists are constantly monitored to ensure regulations are followed, but not all animals are protected under these regulations, and not all…

I. Introduction The advancements of new media have contributed to the explosive use of social media by journalist (Hermida 2011; Messner, Linke, and Eford 2011; Newman 2009). Gulyas (2013) demonstrated that the vast majority (96%) of the journalists responded to his research among 4 countries (Finland, German, Sweden and the UK) used social media for their work. Besides, the 1440-minute news-cycle created by social media significantly impacts journalistic practices in terms of newsgathering and…