Embryo transfer

Introduction In this assignment I will summarise three midwifery articles that gave me a better understanding of the role of a midwife and the activities involved in this occupation. The first article from The Practicing Midwife Journal is all about having Asthma during pregnancy and how to deal with it / how it affects mother and baby. I chose this article because I suffer from asthma myself and I thought it would be very interesting to see how it affects pregnancy. The Second article is from…

Prenatal Diagnosis Prenatal diagnosis contains features relating to the health of both the fetus and the parents [60]. Current methods including the combined test and invasive procedures (amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS)) are being used to screen the fetus for chromosomal abnormalities pose a risk to mother and fetus [61]. In addition to the risk, the rate of abortion related to CVS and amniocentesis is 1.0 to 2.0% [62] and the false positive rate of combined test is 5.0-9.0%…

Introduction Genetic screening is a form of medical test that determines alterations in chromosomes, proteins or genes. The findings of genetic testing can reject or confirm suspected genetic condition or aid in identifying individual’s chance of passing or developing a genetic disorder. Currently, over one thousand genetic tests are in use, and more are emerging. Various methods can perform the genetic screening. For example, (1) Biochemical genetic tests which study the activity level or…

Stem cell research is a highly debated issue in today's society. The controversy around stem cell research originates from the fact that in order to do research on stem cells, one needs to have an embryo, which is the first stage of a child’s formation. Stem cells were first isolated in 1998. Stem cells are cells that can become any type of body tissue. For example, if someone has a defective heart and they are missing a vital part of the heart, stem cells could regenerate that piece which they…

Menopause 101 Menopause is a normal biological process women go through as they age. From symptoms to benefits, here are the things you need to know about menopause. What is Menopause? Menopause is a natural biological process women experience in their 40s or 50s. It occurs 12 months after your last menstrual period and is typically caused by your ovaries no longer releasing an egg every month. Women are born with a certain number of eggs, which are stored in the ovaries. Ovaries create…

On October 1st, 1953, what people thought would be a “miracle drug” was released. This drug was called thalidomide. It was originally created in Germany, and was used to help people go to sleep, and also helped relieve pregnant women from the pain of morning sickness. The drug was used worldwide. Unfortunately, the people who took thalidomide had no idea how it would affect the their offsprings. What would be called Thalidomide babies were born. These babies were born with disabilities such as…

In a new article published in the New York Times, a study was conducted that proves that children who are born from older fathers have a higher risk of getting a mental illness, compared to their siblings. These mental illnesses include schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism (Carey 2014). The study was conducted in Sweden since they keep good track of their medical records. This made it easier for researchers to look at siblings and see if the age of the father had any correlation with…

1. What does it mean to say a creature is "intelligent?" Describe some of the intelligent behavior of various animals, and compare it to human intelligence: There are many traits that can be considered “intelligent”, but first we have to define what intelligence is. According to the dictionary intelligence is defined as being able to learn skills and apply them to situations. Einstein said, “ The true sign of intelligence is not knowledge but imagination.” Socrates said, “ I know that I am…

Fig. 3. Stages of ovarian development in female Q-fly. Stage 1 and 2 represent previtellogenesis development. Stage 3 marks the initiation of vitellogenesis, and Stage 4 indicates late vitellogenesis. Stage 5 ovarian follicles had mature eggs. Stages 1 and 2 are previtellogenic, while stages 3–4 represent the vitellogenic phase. Flies were assigned to stage 5 if the most advanced ovarian follicles had mature eggs. We did not observe stage 6, which is defined by a yellow residual follicular…

Fetal circulation of blood is much different than that of newborns or adults because a fetus is still receiving nutrients, oxygen and blood from the mother’s placenta, so the placenta does a lot of the work that later on the lungs will take over. There are also other organs that are not fully developed within the fetus and therefore cannot be used or circulated with blood yet, because of this there are specific vessels that direct blood to other areas that in a newborn and adult will not go to.…