Constructivist epistemology

* Learner objectives were created using blooms taxonomy. Students must predict, which is level 2 (comprehension). Students must then categorize, which falls under level 5(synthesis). ** This falls under creating an effective physical environment for students to learn in. The classroom will be prepared and organized before class starts. The arrangement of the room will already be prepared in a way that is beneficial to the students’ age. The students will be arranged in groups, which will…

There has always been a point in history of Western philosophy when the definition of knowledge had been redefined, debated upon, and rejected. However, many philosophers were more concerned with the essence of knowledge, that is, what does constitute as knowledge and how we can achieve it. In addition, many argue that there are certain knowledge is just not attainable and human mind wouldn’t be able to grasp on the capacity of the higher truths. Nevertheless, one still can question the…

In Montaigne’s essay An Apology for Raymond Sebond, he defends the work and philosophy of Sebond, which he defines as a “bold and courageous” defense of the Christian religion using natural, human reason, meant to counter atheists (Montaigne 491). Objections arose to this work, and the one Montaigne approaches more thoroughly is that Sebond is wrong overall in his defense of faith, and that faith is not necessary in the acquisition of knowledge about worldly matters (Montaigne 500-501). This…

Aristocles (but from here on out shall be recognized as Plato) captivated me from the beginning, and he captivates me nonetheless. Being fresh with curiosity and a sponge-like disposition, I soaked up the many principles and virtues of Plato’s epistemology and metaphysical concepts, and, to this day, I remember his works as vividly as I had when I first read them many weeks ago. His concepts appeared to me, at first, as original, radical, and intriguing. Today,…

Epistemology encounters questions about how human knowledge relates to spiritual experiences as well as how it begins in the first place. A fundamental epistemological questions would be, what is knowledge? This leads to many others, almost in a slippery…

The desire to get what one wants is a natural characteristics that the human race possesses. We want things now and we are not afraid to make it known. Often we can provide certain things for ourselves like clothes, food, and shelter but there also things that require persuading someone in order to obtain something we need, like buying car or purchasing a home, but one must be able to negotiate in order to obtain one’s target point especially when dealing with money, which can make interpersonal…

Thus according to behaviourists, learners are assumed passive and respond only to direct environmental stimuli, a processed known as conditioning. This is a stark contrast to constructivists, as they view learners as rational active participants in their own learning (Ertmer & Newby, 2013). Behaviourism focuses on the transference of knowledge, from teacher to student, the performance of the student and the response students have…

Russell argues that humans use their experience of sense data to perceive objects such as tables. However, according to Russell, if tables did not exist then the “outer world would be a dream”. He goes on to argue that “we alone exists” and nothing we experience is real in our ordinary senses. As a result, he says that it cannot be proved that we are dreaming alone in a desert however, there is no reason for supporting that this is the case. In respect to dreams, I will argue that the world in…

Both Fricker and Mills, in Epistemic Injustice and White Ignorance, respectfully, take on opposing stances on who is truly impacted and suffers an epistemic disadvantage in the instance of certain injustices. Fricker takes on the position that due to hermeneutical injustice, the oppressed are those who suffer an epistemic disadvantage. On the contrary, Mills argues that it is not the oppressed that suffer an epistemic disadvantage but rather the oppressors. This argument can be substantiated for…

Always Trust Your Gut Instinct One of my most passionate beliefs is, “trust your gut.” Let your intuition (or as some of us call it, “our sixth sense”) guide you. If the thought of doing something does not feel right, don’t do it. As I grew older, it became more and more clear to me that the internal feeling I had about something seemed to always be right. This was not something I learned from any person of religious aspect in life. This is something I learned though experience (kicking myself…