Cognitive metaphor

There are few empirical studies conducted to test the validity of the proposed models. Cienki (2004, 2005a, 2005b) are the first contribution to the linguistic investigation of the models. He merged between the quantitative and qualitative approaches. Cienki (2004) conducted an analysis in order to empirically testing Lakoff’s models. His corpus was a televised debates between George W. Bush and Al Gore before the US before the presidential campaign in October 2000. Cienki searched for the central metaphors for the SF and NP morality which he extracted from Lakoff’s (2002). His concern was the actual representation of the two sets of conceptual metaphors that translate Lakoff’s proposition of conceptual structure which describes the American…

A metaphor refers to a figure of speech where a word or a statement is applied to an action or an object in which it is not applicable (Lakoff & Johnson, 2008). Also, a metaphor can be used to depict something that is regarded as symbolic or a representative of a different thing that may be perceived as abstract. In the conventional application, metaphors are used to illustrate events or actions that may seem difficult to understand, especially while narrating an action to another person…

meaning that are not, or even cannot, be present in words alone” (Kövecses 72). Dance, at its simplest definition, is but an exaggeration of these human gestures; the choreographer can manipulate the movement presented to the audience to ensure the successful communication of ideas without words. While the absence of words can be a powerful tool on stage, it creates challenges when dancers try to communicate to each other ideas about the field of dance, or when they attempt to communicate their…

The effects of war are often calculated in terms of costs for weapons, equipment, gains, and losses with respect to what is being fought over, be it land or other resources. In thinking of war that way, however, we often overlook the very personal costs of war; while we may think in the abstract terms of numbers of dead soldiers, we overlook the cognitive, physical, and psychological on soldiers, civilians, and even the entire world. Indeed, while war shows man’s resilience and sacrifice, it…

of another work. Altering the worldview of the reader opens opportunities for new ideas and understandings. When analyzing The Cave by Plato, Metaphors We Live By by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, and On Communication by David Bohm through the lens of the poem Theme for English B by Langston Hughes, readers’ eyes are opened to new perspectives. The poem Theme for English B helps the reader of The Cave to see how identity can be misconstrued…

on his or her father’s work, his hobbies, and his education in this poignant tribute. With the author’s use of metaphors, similes, and alliteration, the poem emerges as a cautionary tale to show the impact of industrialization. With an extensive use of metaphors, Wagoner emphasizes the environment the father works in each day. To begin with, the speaker describes his father’s workplace as an “open hearth” (line 1). This description of the father’s workplace evokes a feeling of heat and…

Billy Collins, former United States poet laureate, penned many famous poems, including “Nostalgia,” “Japan,” and “Picnic, Lightning.” His poem “Picnic Lightning” is a five-stanza piece centering on the idea of “chance.” Collins chooses to begin his poem with a quote from Vladmir Nabokov’s Lolita. Collins’ style of writing lacks many traditional poetic devices such as a structured meter, but Collins uses other devices to deliver his central purpose. In “Picnic, Lightning,” Collins creates a…

message. Many genres are found within the pages of the Bible, and many figures of speech are used within each of those genres. This paper will address the prophetic, narrative, epistle and gospel genres, as well as the use of metaphors, similes, hyperbole and parables. Genre Definitions Consulting Westminster for definitions, discloses the following: Prophecy – speaking on behalf of God to communicate God’s will for a situation. In the New Testament, this is a gift of the Spirit. Also used for…

and Eve ‘we pick our last fruits of the temporal’. This emphasises possible beliefs that spirituality pervades every aspect of life and is important in preparations for death. ‘Ancient innocence’ establishes the cyclical nature of age and the effects of time, resulting in a role reversal- he is the one who leans on her now. There is a tone of peace and resignation. This is the personas journey from ignorance to acceptance of death as uncontrollable and inevitable, as seen through the use of…

other trees in the forest. The speaker sees swaying birches “[a]cross the lines of straighter darker trees” (line 2). As birches have light white-grey bark, the visual light-dark contrast brings birches to the front of the mind, giving it distinct focus. This also gives the reader an important textural image of the elasticity of the birch tree when compared dark and rigid trees around it. The use of extended metaphors throughout the poem continues to broaden the diverging images of flexibility…