Cerebral hypoxia

hypotonic. 5% of babies will die, and, of the remaining 95%, 20% of survivors will have some neurological deficit. ̶ Grade III: Baby is flaccid, stuporose, has poorly reacting pupils and will suffer from prolonged fits. 75% of babies with grade III hypoxia will die and 100% of survivors will have neurological deficits, principally spasticity and cognitive…

Altitude sickness, is divided into 3 different levels of intensity, Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE), and High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE). These illnesses occur when someone is exposed to levels of higher elevation, reduced oxygen levels and lowered air pressure. Altitude sickness causes the veins and capillaries to expand in order to take in more oxygen. Some scientists also believe that it can cause the brain to slightly swell. Altitude sickness can…

Brain injuries in neonates cause marked chronic disability and can have a profound impact on the quality of life both in the patient and for their family. Causes of Neonatal brain injuries include stroke, hypoxia - ischaemia, foetal inflammation, reperfusion injuries, metabolic pathway insufficiency, and birth asphyxiation events. It is important to note that the type of injury seen in the neonate is largely dependent on age at the time of insult. In premature…

and temporal lobes are the most prone to suffer from an ischemic stroke due to their shared blood supply. The frontal lobe is located within the anterior cranial fossa, whereas the temporal lobe is situated in the middle cranial fossa. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is the region of interest as this is the most common site for ischemic strokes. The MCA consists of four sections. The M1 segment consists of lenticulostriate vessels which irrigate the basal ganglia. The M2 segment extends…

An injury can cause a significant damage to a person. In Oliver’s case, the damage led to a cerebral disorder. There are several numbers of cerebral disorders that may cause a raised intracranial pressure. This includes intracranial haemorrhage and fracture. It is a challenging task for nurses and the multidisciplinary health team to manage, control and prevent secondary injury to the patient. This case study will present how a motor vehicular accident can cause a great impact on a healthy…

Perfusion is a vital component to our everyday living. The definition of perfusion is the process of the body delivering blood to a capillary bed in its biological tissue (Merriam-Webster, 2015). This process helps our blood that caries oxygen get to our vital organs in the body, such as, the brain, lungs, and to our extremities. When our perfusion is compromised however, our blood cannot complete its task and get the oxygen to the parts of our body that need it. If the body does not have a key…

Encephalocele Johni L. Cochran University of Cincinnati An encephaloceles is a type of neural tube defect. It is characterized by a herniation of the brain and meninges through a structural weakness in the bony structures of the skull (Tirumandas et al, 2013). There are four classifications of encephaloceles: frontoethmoidal, basal, occipital, and cranial vault. Classifications are based on the type of defect and its location on the skull. Nasal or frontoethmoidal…

(Ott et al. 1995). AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, primarily characterized by neuronal loss, formation of intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and accumulation of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ), as plaques in brain parenchyma or as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in blood vessels (Reitz and Mayeux 2014). Additionally, structural brain abnormalities, blood-brain-barrier (BBB) dysfunction, brain atrophy, and neuroinflammation have been associated with AD pathology, correlated…

the following symptoms: bradycardia, bradypnea, hypotension, hypothermia, hypoxia, and non-responsive to pain. For this patient, an endotracheal tube would be placed to protect the airway and start mechanical ventilation, since the patient is having difficulty maintaining spontaneous ventilation. This will also protect the airway from potential aspiration. Continuous oxygen therapy at 100% to help improve the patient’s hypoxia. Intravenous fluid therapy would also be initiated to help increase…

on the health of human beings throughout the planet, the abovementioned populations can survive at these most elevated regions of the globe. While the majority of the world’s population would be prone to serious health consequences for instance hypoxia, these inhabitants prosper in the highest parts of the globe.…