Cellular differentiation

Reading Paraphrastically: Ethics of Stem Cell Research Summary of website: Ethics of Stem Cell Research is a website that describes why stem cell research may be viewed as morally wrong. The argument focuses on a number of viewpoints that is mainly focused on human embryos. The article’s discussed why individuals may not support stem cell research that involves human embryos. The website has several points that show the viewpoint of individuals against stem cell research and possible counter…

Today I read the 2 articles required, The first article is “ Patenting Life” by Michael Crichton. The second article is “ Decoding the Use of Gene Patents” by John E. Calfee. The subject of both articles is Gene Patenting. They both discuss the pros and cons of gene patenting. Gene patenting has been a controversial subject since its beginnings. The two contrasting positions have been that the patent is harmful and the other is the patent is for the overall benefit on mankind. The first…

A biomarker is defined as a molecule that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological process, pathogenic process, or pharmacological responses to therapeutic intervention (Biomarkers Definitions Working, 2001). Although great efforts have been made in the last decade to discover novel cancer biomarkers for use in clinical practice, a striking number of these efforts fail to make it into the clinic (Fuzery, Levin, Chan, & Chan, 2013). One of the causes of this…

There are many reasons why polycystic kidney disease is a negative disorder to many people. People sickening, polycystic kidney disease is a negative genetic disorder. Polycystic kidney disease has three types PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3 and these are what codes the protein in us. Polycystic kidneys disease is common in certain people and uncommon in certain people. Some causes of polycystic kidney disease is unknown. Cyst that grows in the kidney area is a cause of this though. There are many…

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) continue to be a leading topic to scientific discussions due to their potential medical advantages. Embryonic stem cells originate from gathering and culturing the cell mass from a blastocyst stage embryo developed via in vitro fertilization in specialized fertilization clinics. Human stem cells are great for utilization in clinics and research about the development of the human body. This work consists of identifying how undifferentiated stem cells become the…

The transplantation surgical procedure was an extreme brake-thro in history. One of the earliest transplants that was done was an Autograph transplant that was a replant reconstruction of the skin on the nose and was performed by an Indian surgeon (Shrutas) in the 2nd century BC. This technique was next vitalized in the First World War. The first organ tissue transplant as we know it was done by a Swiss surgeon called Theodor Kocher. He removed a Thyroid from a patient, but then noticed that the…

removed of the host organism’s cells. This can be done in several ways such as agitating in a bioreactor filled with sterile solution to disrupt cell membranes, soaking the organ in a detergent solution to extract cellular material, and scraping or washing with a solution to remove cellular material [15]. Decellularization is done carefully in order to ensure that the host cells are removed but the interstitial structure of the membrane remains intact. One of the main benefits of…

Introduction: In the early 19th century, if you are diagnosed with last stage heart failure you were good as dead with no donor. However, in 1957, at Cleveland Clinic, Dr. Kolff and Dr. Tetsuzo Akutsu brought the concept of an artificial heart to reality through a series of animal implants; in which one such implantation, a dog had survived for approximately 90 minutes. On 28 July 2013, 40-year-old Matthew Green left hospital and headed back home to his family after having his heart replaced…

Over the past few decades a lot of biomedical information has been gathered (in the form of images, signals and sequences) and there is a great deal of knowledge that can be gathered from the raw data \cite{manyika2011big}. The biomedical imaging data consists of magnetic resonance image (MRI) \cite{edelman1993magnetic, ogawa1990brain}, radiographic image \cite{hsieh2009computed, chapman1997diffraction}, positron emission tomography \cite{bailey2005positron} and others. Biomedical signaling data…

I. INTRODUCTION HE versatility of muscles is a crucial factor for efficient animal locomotion. In combination with a high degree of force control muscles enable precise motions depending on the wanted action. Animal locomotion involves (a) fine motor skills like sneaking, grabbing and communication; (b) quick short term acceleration like catching prey; (c) very long-term movement patterns which need to be performed efficient like digesting, migration and sometimes even (d) avoiding motion by…