Birth rate

2.2 Negative Impacts of the One-Child Policy on the Economy The implementation of the OCP led to many problems that directly affected and are still affecting China’s economy. One of the biggest problems is the shortage of labour supply, in future generations, caused by the low fertility rate. Before making the OCP an actual policy, the fertility rate in China was about five children per female; today, the rate is below the national average of 1.7 children per female (Eberstadt, 2007). The low fertility rate poses a concern for the supply of labour in the market. Graph 1 shows that a decrease in labour supply leads to rapid unemployment, price increases and a decrease in GDP. The long-run aggregate supply curve shifts to the left because…

A general overview of the growth of the White populations from 1660-1770 as seen in Source 1 indicates a steady growth in total population. Upon a closer examination, one will notice the decreasing average annual growth rate for every following year. Though the total population increases every decade, the average annual growth compared to the previous year is substantially less. This can partially be explained through a deeper investigation of the rate in which children survived every decade.…

which has an impact on the ecosystems surrounding the area. With longer life expectancy and continued birth rate increasing,…

longer birth intervals, and fewer births) in 1975, urging each family to have no more than two children. To achieve its goal of lowering population growth rate, the Chinese Government later introduced the One-Child Policy (hereafter called OCP) and created a reward and punishment system to further implement the policy. Rewards and incentives included an increase in hourly wage for family units who followed the rule, promotion in a government job and waived fees for both…

France’s population patterns and birth rates diverged significantly from those that could be observed in Britain and the rest of Europe during the nineteenth century. In what way did they diverge? What were some of the reasons for this divergence as well as the consequences in terms of French political, social, cultural and economic life during the course of the nineteenth century? Ancien Regime France was the financial, demographic and cultural hub of Europe. A large unified landmass, a vast…

Population growth is a large contributor to environmental depletion, as there is a larger effects of food sources, and more pollution created. It is clear that populations and negative impacts on the environment are increasing at record rates, but for what reasons are populations multiplying so rapidly, especially in countries with low fertility rates? Although population growth is a phenomenon occurring globally, this essay will address this question by focusing in on a smaller scale, within…

The crude birth rate is the number of annual amount of live births per thousand people. The average number of of children that would be born to each women (per 1,000) in a society if they passed through the childbearing years bearing children is the total fertility rate. Lastly, the replacement-level fertility rate is a total fertility rate of about 2.1, that stabilizes the population. The crude birth rate and the fertility rate show how fast our population may be growing. If we are…

The Office of Adolescent Health analyzed the trends in teen births, variations in teen birth rates across populations (ethnicity between ages 15-19) and characteristics associated with adolescent childbearing in their article entitled Trends in Teen Pregnancy and Childbearing. According to Office of Adolescent Health, in 2013, there were 26.5 births for every 1,000 adolescent females age 15-19 or 273,105 babies born to females in this age group. Nearly eighty-nine percent of these births…

Health inequalities plague the world greatly. Many countries in the Global North have a universal healthcare system of which includes low cost or even free female contraception. Birth control can be quite effective in limiting pregnancy and treating many disorders, but is it also can be a financial burden because of its high price (Sriram). Even so, most women who live in developed countries desire to use contraception, more specifically in the United States, where “99% of teenagers and women…

The Negative Effect of Overpopulation Imagine living in a world that has so many people that one could barely walk down the street without running into someone. Imagine waking up every morning and not inhaling the fresh air. Circumstances like these would occur if the world continues to grow in population. Overpopulation can result from an increased birth rate or when the Earth’s resources are unsubstantial for the population. An increased amount of unplanned births has caused a significant…