Azo dyes

INTRODUCTION Dyes exist in natural and synthetic forms in the world; they are used for the purpose of changing colors of different materials. William Perkins first discovered the azo dye on accident after adding alcohol to a product in the lab. They have the ability to do this due to the molecules of the dyes possessing conjugation. Conjugation is defined as p-orbitals overlapping which causes the electrons within to be delocalized; it is also seen in molecules and compounds that contain alternating double bonds. Systems that possess conjugation absorb energy in the ultraviolet-visible region of the spectrum to cause excitement of electrons and the transitions. When the electrons get excited, they jump from lower energy levels, to an excited…

Tartrazine Tartrazine is a chemical that contains numerous positive and negative effects. It is a lemon yellow azo dye mainly used as a food coloring. It has no taste, but s commonly used in foods we eat. Tartrazine’s chemical symbol is C16H9N4Na3a2. The molar mass of Tartrazine is 534.3g/mol. Also, Tartrazine’s melting point is 300 c. It is often used in bakeries on frosting and other pastries to add a splash of color into it. It is extensively used for a variety of different products. But, if…

Problem Statement Industries are generated waste water, which contain dyes and pigments in waste water. Characteristically high in colour and organic content (Grag, et al., 2004). Dyes are widely used in industries such as textile, rubber, paper, plastic, and cosmetic. There are many of dyes exist in industries and one of them is methyl red and through nano zerovalent iron removal of dyes from waste water. Dye industry effluents constitute one of the most problematic wastewaters to be treated…

Synthetic Dye Assignment Dye: Sunset Yellow FCF Caitlin Walker Sunset Yellow FCF, more commonly known as Yellow 6, is an orange azo dye3. This dye is petroleum-derived and its absorption is dependent on the pH. Minimum absorption occurs at 480 nm with a pH of 1 and maximum absorption occurs at 443 nm with a pH of 13. Sunset Yellow FCF is soluble in cold water2. Sunset Yellow FCF has the following structure (Figure 1). Sunset Yellow FCF is commonly used in food, cosmetics, and drugs. It is…

Introduction According to Bio-Rad, Alamar Blue is a “cell viability assay reagent which contains the cell permeable, non-toxic and weakly fluorescent blue indicator dye called resazurin.” (Bio-Rad, n.d.). Meaning that the resazurin is going to be using an oxidation-reduction (REDOX) indicator that will undergo a color change due to the response of the cellular metabolic reduction. “The reduced form resorufin is pink and highly fluorescent, and the intensity of fluorescence produced is…

Determining Food Dye Content Lab was to identify the food dye coloring in green apple Gatorade, and determine the dye’s concentration to ultimately recreate a solution containing the same concentration of dyes as the original. To determine the concentration of the dyes present in the green apple Gatorade, a spectrometer was used to measure the wavelengths and absorbance values for the given dyes. A sample of the green apple Gatorade was tested in the spectrometer to measure its absorption and…

If you got some dye on your carpet while you where coloring your hair, do not fret. If you act quickly, you can get the stain out of your carpet and save your carpet from forever being the same color as your hair. Blot Up The Hair Dye The first thing you need to do is grab a clean washcloth and blot the dye. When you blot the dye, you take the washcloth and gently dap the area, without pressing down too hard. The purpose of doing this is to absorb as much of the hair dye as you can before it…

formaldehyde. There are many questions about hair dye causing cancer. Concern about cancer risk is largely limited to the semi-permanent and permanent dyes. Because darker dyes have more of some chemicals that may cause cancer, these products are of greatest potential concern. There are three main types of cancer that can be caused when using these products. Bladder cancer, most studies of people exposed to hair dyes at work, such as hairdressers and barbers, have found a small but fairly…

the time period given. Aim My aim for this project is to find out if dye in candles can affect the speed rate they burn in. I will test one white candle with a high dye pigmentation candle such as blue or purple against white. Then I will measure…

When you go to the store and buy dyes, such as food coloring dye, they are useless if you want to tie dye your shirt. All they would do is stain your clothes and easily wash out. If you want a dye that chemically combines to your shirt so it doesn’t come out, I would suggest getting a fiber reactive dye. Fiber reactive dyes form covalent bonds between the dye you use and the fiber. The dye permanently attaches to the cellulose fibers using a covalent bond. Covalent bonds are the strongest…