Azo coupling

INTRODUCTION Dyes exist in natural and synthetic forms in the world; they are used for the purpose of changing colors of different materials. William Perkins first discovered the azo dye on accident after adding alcohol to a product in the lab. They have the ability to do this due to the molecules of the dyes possessing conjugation. Conjugation is defined as p-orbitals overlapping which causes the electrons within to be delocalized; it is also seen in molecules and compounds that contain alternating double bonds. Systems that possess conjugation absorb energy in the ultraviolet-visible region of the spectrum to cause excitement of electrons and the transitions. When the electrons get excited, they jump from lower energy levels, to an excited…

poor quality, low quantity, and inefficiency of project contributions, submissions and coordination. One drawback is that some managers may find the RVCS to be somewhat of a cumbersome research tool for addressing these issues. Admittedly, the typical RVCS is by no means a complete, robust, rich, and thorough project management tool. It does however serve the purpose for any CSCW group member with respect to task coupling and coordination. This is especially true if two or more members must…

Tartrazine Tartrazine is a chemical that contains numerous positive and negative effects. It is a lemon yellow azo dye mainly used as a food coloring. It has no taste, but s commonly used in foods we eat. Tartrazine’s chemical symbol is C16H9N4Na3a2. The molar mass of Tartrazine is 534.3g/mol. Also, Tartrazine’s melting point is 300 c. It is often used in bakeries on frosting and other pastries to add a splash of color into it. It is extensively used for a variety of different products. But, if…

Points of Interest The TH350 is an automatic shift, three speed transmission. The TH350 transmission was introduced in the 1969 model year as the successor to the GM Power glide automatic transmission. The TH350 transmission was developed in a joint effort by the Chevrolet and Buick Automotive Corporations. The TH350 transmission it is also referred to as the CBC (Chevrolet-Buick Combined) 350. Soon after production the Turbo 350 quickly became known for its strength, versatility and…

The experiment made use of two reactions in synthesizing 1-phenylazo-2-naphtol, also known as Sudan-1. The first is the diazotization reaction in which a diazonium salt is formed from the conversion of primary aromatic amines, such as aniline, to compounds with the nitroso functional group using a nitrous acid, such as HNO2. The diazonium salt was then used as an electrophile in a coupling reaction with an aromatic compound, β-naphthol. Recrystallization was conducted and yielded 0.18 g of a…

Synthetic Dye Assignment Dye: Sunset Yellow FCF Caitlin Walker Sunset Yellow FCF, more commonly known as Yellow 6, is an orange azo dye3. This dye is petroleum-derived and its absorption is dependent on the pH. Minimum absorption occurs at 480 nm with a pH of 1 and maximum absorption occurs at 443 nm with a pH of 13. Sunset Yellow FCF is soluble in cold water2. Sunset Yellow FCF has the following structure (Figure 1). Sunset Yellow FCF is commonly used in food, cosmetics, and drugs. It is…

Bacteria survive by multiplying in its host cell, so inhibiting their growth would cause the death of the bacteria. Sulfa drugs work of many various diseases that affect the human body. A sulfa drugs main component is an azo dye. This dye was first made by Paul Gelmo a chemistry student at the University of Vienna in 1908. How sulfa drugs work is by an enzyme inhibitor. This unique inhibitor binds and stops the work of Dihydropteroate Synthase (DHPS). The sulfonamide replaces the 4-Aminobenzoic…

Introduction: Nitrous acid (HNO2) is used as a source of nitrosonium ion (N≡O+). The nitrosonium ion by reacting with an aromatic amine converted into a diazonium salt. As diazonium ion is a weak electrophile, it reacts with electron-rich, aromatic coupling agents to produce an azo dye. The products are mainly ortho and para due to the reaction being an electrophilic aromatic substitution Reaction: p-nitroaniline p-nitro benzenediazonium chloride Para-red…