Aortic valve

Turner syndrome, also known as TS and gonadal dysgenesis, is a chromosomal deficiency affecting over two million women that occur when two of the X chromosomes in a female’s DNA are either incomplete or missing entirely. It usually becomes apparent when a female is only a few years old, or even shortly following her birth. The missing genetic material of the X chromosome keeps the female body from maturing on its own. Because Turner syndrome is different for every female and an individual…

pulmonary edema. Pulmonary edema is caused by leakage of fluid from pulmonary capillaries out into the interstitial space and alveoli. The most common cause of pulmonary edema is either a cardiac or vascular problem. Cardiac problems include mitral valve stenosis or left sided heart failure, both of which increase the pulmonary venous pressure and consequently pulmonary capillary pressure. Vascular problem could arise from an insult to the blood capillary membranes or lung parenchyma caused by…

Cardiac and respiratory conditions can be very hard on the child and the families of the child. There are many different cardiac and respiratory conditions that can affect a child, as well as their families. The great thing is that many of these conditions we are able to treat. The cardiac condition that I decided to research is the Tetralogy of Fallot and the respiratory condition is Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Tertralogy of Fallot is a birth defect and affects normal blood flow. During…

tissues that are able to be used for human transplant. A common tissue used for human transplant is the heart tissue of pigs. Material from pigs has been routinely and safely used for medical purposes for decades, with heart valves the best known example. Pig skin and pig valves have been used in human transplants when patients get an organ transplant from a human donor. These organs are used in this scenario as doctors stop the immune rejection with organs matched to the recipient’s tissue type…

5. Left atrium – form most of the base of the heart and it receives blood from the lungs through four pulmonary veins. Blood passes from the left atrium into left ventricles through bicuspid valve. 6. Left ventricle – forms the apex of the heart. Blood passes from the left ventricles through the aortic valve into the ascending…

heart weight; decreased number of myocardial cells with enlargement of remaining cells; increased left ventricle wall thickness; increased arterial stiffness; increased elastin levels; increased collagen levels; increased left atrium size; decreased aortic dispensability; and decreased vascular tone. This causes decreased diastolic pressure (during initial filling of the heart); decreased diastolic filling; decreased reaction to beta-adrenergic stimulus;…

In philosophy, an often debated question involves whether or not the dead can be “wronged”. Slander is mostly agreed to be wrong, regardless of the character of the dead. However, could genetic testing have the same result? One great example is Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln fascinated physicians because of his remarkable stature (6’, 4”) which has been possibly linked to Marfan syndrome. Abraham Lincoln was unusually tall as a child and his extremities were disproportionately to his overall height;…

Cardiomyopathy is a condition where the heart muscle is abnormal. The main types of cardiomyopathy include dilated, hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyopathy makes it harder for your heart to pump and deliver blood to the rest of your body. Cardiomyopathy can lead to heart failure. But to science certain it is not known which is the cause that causes this disease only knows that there is a variety of this disease. Cardiomyopathy can be treated. The type of treatment you 'll…

Cardiac work in the isolated heart from normal rats following acute MI Juea Park INTRODUCTION The heart is a muscular oragn which has to perform work to eject blood for the right and left entricles. Two laws govern the relationship between ventricular volume and cardiac pump performance. The first, the law of Laplace, is a low stating that when the ventricle dilates, the wall stress needed to achieve a give intraventricular pressure is increased. The second,…

by baroreceptors (stretch receptors) found at the aortic arch and carotid sinus, where the sit above the heart, which allows them to detect the lowered blood pressure when the person stands. They then initiate compensatory responses to restore blood pressure levels, by decrease rate of signaling, and activating the sympathetic neurons to constrict the arterioles, thereby increasing TPR, and constricting the veins to increase venous return by valves or muscle, respiratory pumps, therefore…