Alpha motor neuron

Nerve cell degeneration that occurs in AD (as shown in Figs. 4 & 5) reflects in a great way symptoms that the individual experiences. Typically, nerves degeneration occurs first in the brain area responsible for learning and memory, and gradually spreads to cells controlling other aspects such as thinking, judgment and behavior. Eventually, damage reaches nerve cells that control and coordinates movement. Figure 4 Brain from normal elderly person (upper left and right)vs. brain of…

Sensation and perception work together to help the brain make sense of the world we see. There cells, called sensory receptors, are the ones that send stimulus to the brain through afferent nerves, which are responsible for carrying information to the brain and spinal cord. This process is called the bottom-up processing, and it means that the information is being sent to the brain for interpretation. Then there is top-down processing, which works opposite of bottom-up processing. To make sense…

Myelin is imperative for the functioning of adequate conduction velocity speed in axons. Myelin is made of water, lipids and proteins and appears white in color. This combination of lipids and proteins form a whitish protective cover or sheath over the axon of numerous nerve fibers. This sheath covering the axon speeds up the impulses that are being conducted, which is important in the transmission of impulses in our body. Without myelin speeding up conduction, the impulses would decelerate.…

Alzheimer's Care: The Stages of Alzheimers Alzheimer's disease is a progressive form of dementia that erodes the memories and cogntive skills of tens of millions of Americans every year. While this degenerative brain disorder follows a standard path of progression, no two seniors will have the same experience. For those providing Alzheimer's care, it is important to understand the stages of the disease, although there are a number of factors that impact the speed at which a person will go…

There are three stages of alzheimer's, early stage, mild to moderate, and severe alzheimer’s. Learning, memory thinking, and planning is affected in the early stage. Speech and comprehending speech is affected in the moderate stage. In the severe alzheimer’s stage, the individual is unable to recognize family and loved ones, unable to care for themselves, and lose ability to speak. Scientists have been exploring if alzheimer’s can be prevented in health and lifestyle factors like exercising,…

The repeated trauma triggers the buildup of an abnormal protein called tau in the brain. With injury, the misfolded protein discharges into the cell setting off a chain reaction that causes it to group together. The clusters gradually eliminate the neurons and spread to adjacent cells slowly deteriorating the brain. Sports in which athletes utilize their heads are often more prone to getting CTE. Military personnel are also exposed to continuous head trauma during combat, not only resulting in…

Deconditioning Deconditioning refers to the changes in your body that occur during a period of inactivity. The changes happen in your heart, lungs, and muscles. They decrease your ability to be active and make you feel tired and weak. There are three stages of deconditioning: • Mild deconditioning. At this stage, you will notice a change in your ability to do your usual exercise activities, such as running, biking, or swimming. • Moderate deconditioning. At this stage, you will notice a…

People often take their ability to see for granted. Vision allows a person to appreciate surroundings, makes it easier to perform tasks, and in general, do more, even the dangerous. However, like every other part of the body, the eyes are at risk of impairment resulting in loss of vision. Ageing comes with bodily dysfunctions. Arthritis, hypertension, and memory loss are all examples. So, too, is age-related macular degeneration (AMD) which leads to gradual central vision loss. It might be…

Chondroblastoma was first described in detail by codman in 1931 and so is occasionally referred to as codman’s tumo r. Chondroblastoma was first described as calcified giant cell tumor by Ewing.11 Chondroblastoma constitutes a very rare bone tumor entity.2,6 In most cases it manifests between 10 to 20 years. Chondroblastoma are typically centered in an epiphysis. Although they occur most often in the end of a major tubular bone, they can appear in any secondary center of ossification, such…

HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE Huntington’s Disease is a primarily mental disease that has many different symptoms. Though the disease does mainly affect the mind and the brain, there are many physical effects that accompany it. The disease was first described by George Huntington in the late 1800s, however any further advancements in knowledge of the disease didn’t come until much later. People affected by this disease are affected in many different ways, and at many different times in their lives.…