X chromosome

rejected because the observed value was not statistically different from the expected value. In cross in vial #176, the null hypothesis was H_o: x^2≤3.841 . Since the chi square was 0.198, the null hypothesis was not rejected. Vial # 269 and #373 had a critical value of 7.815 because they a degree of freedom of 3. The null hypothesis for the both of them was H_o: x^2≤7.815 . Since the chi square for vial #269 was 0.853 and the 0.65 for vial #373, it is safe to conclude that in both vials, the…

When sperm with no X chromosome unites with a normal egg to form an embryo, that embryo will have just one X chromosome rather than two. As the baby grows and the cells divide, the X chromosome will be missing from every cell of the baby's body. In some cases, both X chromosomes are present, but one is abnormal. It may be shaped differently or missing genetic material. The effects of the condition…

Environmental-Dependent Sex Determination in Reptilians When we think of sex determination in organisms, we most often think of mitosis and the process of randomly receiving X and Y chromosomes from parent cells. This type of sex determination is known as genotypic sex determination (GSD), and it’s the most commonly found method of sex determination. However, this isn’t the only type of sex determination available to organisms. Some reptilians, for example, use environmental-dependent sex…

Turner's syndrome is a rare condition that affects females. It results when a sex chromosome (X chromosome) is either missing or partially missing. Turner’s syndrome can cause a lot of different medical problems such as short height, puberty failure, heart defects, learning disabilities and social adjustment problems. It is sometimes diagnosed before birth, during infancy or during their early childhood. Occasionally the diagnosis is delayed until the teen or young adult years in those who have…

caused when someone, usually male, has two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome giving them forty seven and not the normal forty six chromosomes. Males normally have an X chromosome and a Y chromosome and females normally have two X chromosomes. When either the sperm or the egg has a pair of sex chromosomes doesn’t succeed in separating formation, thus there is an extra chromosome causing the DNA abnormality during fertilization. This extra sex chromosome will copy its abnormal DNA into every cell…

a recessive X-linked disorder ,that usually affects the human body, specifically the nervous system. There are a lot of symptoms for this disorder like ataxia, seizures, epilepsy, severe mental retardation and microcephaly. Mutations on the SLC9A6 gene cause Christianson Syndrome, this gene is located on the X chromosome. This disorder is usually inherited, In males, by receiving just one of the mutated chromosomes. As a result of the rarity of inheriting two mutated X chromosomes of this…

genetic information in cells separating during meiosis, resulting in sex cells of an organism carrying a single copy of the parent’s genetic information . Cells have two copies of genetic information stored in theirevery chromosomes. Each chromo carries one copy of each gene. Chromosomes that make up the allele can be the same or differ from each other . Alleles that have two copies of the same trait are homozygous. If the alleles differ the cell will express the dominant trait phenotypically,…

Sperm containing the Y chromosome with a properly functioning SRY gene determines male gender, and if contains the genetic material of the X chromosome is shaped female. The presence of the SRY gene is the basic criterion of gender gene in humans. Discovered in 1990 by a group of P. Goodfellow from the University of Cambridge ,SRY gene is called the "central switch of the masculinity" and is located on the short arm of the Y chromosome locus…

Diseases of the Cell Assignment: Heart-Hand syndrome & X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy Heart-Hand Syndrome is also known as Holt-Oram Syndrome, where individuals are born with skeletal abnormalities of hand and arms (upper limbs) and heart problems due to the mutation of HOS1into the TBX gene. TBX gene plays a role in controlling growth of bone in the hand and arm. Also, TBX is present in chromosome 12. The symptoms include: missing thumbs, long thumb that looks a like a finger, partial or…

This mainly happens due to a problem with cell division, and because chromosomes are the carriers of the genetic material, abnormalities in chromosome number or structure can result in disease. The most known disorder under this type of inheritance disease is Down Syndrome. Down Syndrome occurs when a person has three copies of chromosome 21. Mitochondrial inheritance is a type of genetic disorder caused by mutations in the non-nuclear DNA of mitochondria…