United States federal courts

Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States once said “A house divided against itself cannot stand (1).” This holds true as shown by the history of the United States. Much like a house, the US cannot hope to function if its states are asunder. As a response to this problem, the Founding Fathers created the Articles of Confederation. The Articles marked a leap forward to a stable government. Giving more power to the state governments was done in order to preserve the notion of…

The interactions between the local states government and other local states governments as well as the national government is sometimes not easy as they step on each other’s toes concerning many issues such as development and budgets planned. To this effect, there is a crisis standard of care that is put in place to guarantee the effective responses of these governments during times of disasters (Bowman & Kearney, 2017). These standards of care are bent on ensuring that these governments do not…

Judicial Council shares many duties with the United States Supreme Court, such as reviewing cases from lower courts, interpreting the law, and creating precedents. As for the judges of the Supreme Judicial Council, there are eleven members, one of them being the president of the council, five of them being full time members that “hold the rank of Chief of the Appellate Court”, and five of them being part time members that include “the Chief of the Appellate Court or his deputy, the Deputy…

some states (Nieto, 2009). The…

(who lawfully live in a country, state, etc.) on the results and punishments for failing to obey the law. The criminal justice system can be separated and labeled in three main parts; policing where the act of asking questions and trying to find the truth about something is held, the courts where judgment is made, and corrections where the type of punishment is by the courts is served. This paper will take a look and compare the judgment otherwise known as the courts…

I chose the following 3 states to review: California, Pennsylvania and New Jersey California: Selection Process: The governor appoints nominees to the Supreme Court and courts of appeals to 12-year terms. These judges are subject to retention elections for additional 12-year terms. Superior Court Judges are elected in nonpartisan elections for 6-year terms and may be reflected to additional 6-year terms. Qualifications: One Chief Justice and 6 associate justices are appointed by the Governor,…

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Abercrombie & Fitch Stores is a United States Supreme Court Case. This case is about a Muslim-American woman, Samantha Elauf, who was declined a job at an Abercrombie & Fitch store in Tulsa, Oklahoma. She was refused because she wore a head scarf. This conflicted with the dress code of the company. These facts happened in 2008. Elauf, 17 at the time, applied to work for Abercrombie & Fitch. She was wearing a head scarf during her interview, but she…

On April 27, 2011, the Court ruled, by a 5–4 margin, that the Federal Arbitration Act of 1925 preempts state laws that prohibit contracts from disallowing class-wide arbitration, such as the law previously upheld by the California Supreme Court in the case of Discover Bank v. Thus, businesses that include arbitration agreements with class action waivers can require consumers to bring claims only in individual arbitrations, rather than in court as part of a class action. In the case of AT&T…

The state circuit court of appeals is a three-prong system. The lower level is the state circuit court of appeals, and the second would be federal appeals, and for the most controversial cases the United States Supreme Court. The duty of all of the lower level c courts are the same…to determine if the trial court did make any legal errors, and if so can a new legislation or law be made to ensure it does not happen again. The duty of the Supreme Court is to determine if a decision the Federal…

Equal Protection Clause of The Fourteenth Amendment requires a state to license a marriage between two people of the same sex and recognize a marriage between two people of the same sex when their marriage was lawfully licensed and performed out-of-state. The Supreme Court ruling in United States v. Windsor led, many states to legalize same-sex marriage. This set the stage for Obergefell v. Hodges. On June 26, 2013, The Supreme Court struck down The Defense of Marriage Act. They ruled that…