Redshift

balance gravity because a universe with only gravity would collapse. Einstein called this force a cosmological constant and assumed thats it balanced gravity to maintain what he believed was a static universe. George LeMaitre in 1927 and Alexander Friedmann in 1922 discovered a variety of answers to Einstein's General Relativity that described instead of a static but a constantly expanding universe. In 1929, Edwin Hubble discovered that all matter in the universe is moving away from all other matter. This proved that the universe is expanding. Hubble came to this conclusion by observing the light coming toward Earth from distant galaxies. The light these galaxies emitted had a longer wavelength causing it to stretch. This stretching called a redshift not only proved that galaxies were moving away, but the further the galaxy, the faster it moves away. Although there were problems with this theory, it was widely accepted by scientists in the mid 1960's. In 1963, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson worked for Bell Telephone Labs in New Jersey setting up a radio transmitter, but they kept hearing static. They thought it was an interference caused by pigeon droppings, but Penzias and Wilson realized that the noise was a signal. Robert Dicke and Dave Wilkinson at Princeton University were looking for a way to detect radiation that was possibly left behind from the Big Bang. The radiation Penzias and Wilson detected matched perfectly for what Dicke and Wilkinson were looking for. This…

Fritz Zwicky and Vera Rubin were astronomers that both made discoveries associated with each other’s discoveries. Fritz Zwicky discovered dark matter, and supernovas. Supernovas play a part in the expanding universe. This is because supernovas brightness is observed by scientists to find their redshift. By doing so scientists can find how quickly the universe is expanding. To confirm this as stated in the “Dark Universe” article it says “Supernovas explode, and scientists observe the red shift.”…

Edwin Hubble was not the only astronomer to observe the cosmological redshifts. In fact, the first person to see these shifts is Vesto Slipher, an American astronomer who first observed the phenomenon in 1912. Although this expansion initiated billions of years ago, observations made by Edwin Hubble show that the universe is still in constant development up to this day. The best evidence that supports the Big Bang theory is cosmic background radiation. After being accidentally discovered by Arno…

Something from Nothing: The Big Bang Even though the equal balance of matter and antimatter created in the beginning of the universe as proposed by the Big Bang theory might have annihilated each other before any stars could form, the inflation model of the Big Bang accounts for the unequal level of matter-antimatter existing today and how stars could form before matter-antimatter reactions destroyed the universe. The existence of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR). is in line…

Armine Maghakyan Maghakyan 1 Robert Savino Oventile English 1 C 28 September 2017 Laughter in Anthropocene: solution or ignorance? For almost twelve thousand years, our planet lived in an analogously stable epoch named Holocene by the scientists (McNeill and Engelke 1). Holocene (entirely new) period is impressively…

The Big Bang is the most widely accepted theory about how our universe first began. This theory was first proposed by Belgian priest Georges Lemaître in the 1920’s. It suggests the universe was once condensed into a space equivalent to less than a grain of sand and expanded to billions of kilometers wide in about a second producing incredible amounts of heat. Everything you see is from that rapid expansion. That’s difficult to imagine, however, 3 major pieces of evidence support this; Hubble’s…

HUBBLE REASEARCH Astronomer Edwin Hubble reversed the field of astrophysics his research helped prove the universe is expanding, and he created a classification system for galaxies that had been used for several decades.Mr. Hubble displayed a classification system that had been used for years. Edwin Hubble was born November 20th, 1889 in Missouri. He died on September 28th, 1953. He played a crucial role in establishing the field of extragalactic. He is known today as being one of the greatest…

energy has been travelling through space ever since it was created at the beginning of the universe, just after the Big Bang. CMBR Is the remains of energy created just after the Big Bang. Cosmic Microwave Background radiation supports the Big Bang Theory but is more Evidence that has been put against the Steady State Theory. The Hubble Deep Field The Hubble Deep field is one of the best telescopes ever created. This telescope was what astronomers got figuring out red-shift and how the universe…

The big bang theory is often misinterpreted for what some may describe as the origin of the universe. However, this misconception actually informs us on how our universe was created in one single explosion, which is said to have happened approximately fourteen billion years ago.8 Everything that makes up who we are and what surrounds us started then, as an infinitely small volume that continued to expand in a ridiculously fast rate, where within a matter of minutes the universe became the size…

To most people around the world today may just seem like another day in the 13th century, however here in Italy today marks a significant discovery and the first time that the cosmological has been made famous within society. Although we have been told that the concept has been around since Plato and Aristotle, it is not until now that it has been made famous around the world and in Western philosophy. Today marks the day St Thomas Aquinas declared their theory for Gods existence, which has…