Organization of American Historians

“George Washington’s Secret Six”, by Brian Kilmeade and Don Yaeger Set in the early stages of the Revolutionary War, “George Washington’s Secret Six” uncovers the clandestine operations of men and women who were tasked with infiltrating the British and delivering secrets back to revolutionary leaders. Washington understood early on that the war would not be one by brute force and direct attacks against the British. His army was ill-trained, ill-equipped and less organized than the British…

According to historian Betty White, “[the] ethnic origins [of African slaves] varied both regionally and over time, but there were some broad patterns that would make possible both the survival and the blending of their different cultural backgrounds and experiences.” As the native labor source in colonial America began to dwindle, plantations owners sought to find more steady, reliable sources of work to produce larger cash crop yields. As a result, the transatlantic slave trade rapidly grew as…

industry transformed Midwest from agricultural to urbanized economies with trading hubs in cities like Chicago. This transformation from rural to urban sparked the Great Migration, a mass movement of African Americans from the South to industrialized cities in the North. This influx of African American communities challenged the existing racial constructs in the metropolis and gave rise to new socially constructed identities and means of self-expression. Davarian L. Baldwin examines these…

After witnessing the raising of the American Flag by Marines on the Japanese island stronghold of Iwo Jima in 1945, Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal turned to Marine General Holland “Howling Mad” Smith to exclaim, “The raising of the flag on Iwo Jima guarantees the Marine Corps for the next 500 years.” Unfortunately, Secretary Forrestal was unaware of another battle that had already begun in the halls of the Pentagon, the committee rooms of Congress, and in the court of public opinion that…

Her article defames the EPA and calls their recent behavior radical because they “lobby organizations into the government” and then are then able to regulate environmental policies. Activists like Thorner are contributing to the number of growing deregulation supporters and pose a challenge to environmental education according to Stewart Hudson, president of the Emily Hall Tremain Foundation. His organization leads philanthropy efforts in the education of arts, environment, and learning…

rift. Yet the document became they symbol of freedom for the colonists and anybody facing the same grievances. The document was one of the first to declare the colonists as Americans and the birth of an independent nation. It set forth philosophy of freedom which was therefore became the dynamic of the united states of American. Before the Declaration of Independence was ratified and signed in July 4, 1776, several events led to the declaration. The start of the tyranny of the British King was…

The United States mostly focuses on Baseball, American Football, and Basketball. But fortunately soccer is a growing sport in the U.S. Soccer has gained plenty of fans in America over the years, through the women's national team winning the world cup and the U.S. participating in nine world cups and…

Archaeological studies of what is called the Exploration Period from 1542-1769, the Spanish Colonial Period from 1769-1821, the Mexican Republic Period from 1821-1846, and the American Period from 1846-present, have taken place at least since the 1940s. For the most part, theoretical and methodological approaches in California reflect American historical archaeology but vary by region, time period, and specific problems.…

Individuals’ understanding of Native American religions changed substantially at the end of World War II. This book’s introductory understanding of Native American religions creates a basic appreciation of different geographical groups and their views of the natural world. Today, a more spiritual appreciation of Native American achievements creates respect for their convictions and their ultimate spirituality for surviving generations after generations. Authors Denise Lardner Carmody and John…

discuss some of the similarities and differences between these two religions later on in this paper. During the 17th century the first clearly documented arrival of Muslims in America were those who arrived on the slave ships from Africa (source). Historians estimate that a quarter to a third of the enslaved Africans brought to the United States on these ships were Muslims (Source). Although freedom of religion for the enslaved was strictly forbidden during this time, in the United States many…