Ontology

Jean-Paul Sartre, in Being and Nothingness, conceives his body as part of his identity, “I am my body … My body is a point of departure which I am and which at the same time I surpass” (qtd. in Butler 38). Judith Butler admits that the body is not fixed or stable. It moves and is in a process of “becoming”. It undergoes a certain change and “is always involved in the human quest to realize possibilities” (38). The glorification of the female body parts brings forth the image of women whose…

In his Meditations on First Philosophy, René Descartes offers both an a priori and an a posteriori proof of God’s existence. Until Immanuel Kant introduced his epistemology—the notion of a priori synthetic judgments—Descartes’ a priori proof was generally considered purely demonstrative and analytic. However, analyzing Descartes using Kant’s epistemological foundations, reveals that Descartes’ a priori proof was both a priori and synthetic. Specifically, the Cartesian concept of clear and…

Descartes presents arguments in the Meditations about a certain goal he is trying to obtain. Descartes’ goal is to stop people from making judgements if there is any doubt in the judgement being presented. Descartes in the Meditations stops all judgement and beliefs of the physical world because there were doubts presented in the case. He also no longer believing certain beliefs because he is susceptible and he does not want to fall in disbelief. Descartes lays out thoughts because of the…

After claiming his certainty of God’s existence in his previous meditations, Descartes utilizes this basis to further assert humanity’s connection to Him in his writing “Fourth Meditations.” Descartes argues further on the idea of the existence of humans relying upon God’s existence and how an all powerful being like God could be able to create humans that are prone to making mistakes. He suggests that error is not dependent on God, but rather, a deficiency in humans based on his claims of God…

In The Treaties of Happiness St.Thomas states that a “man’s happiness consists in God alone.” Happiness being an ultimate end cannot be created.To understand the statement above, it needs to be clear “in what man’s happiness [does not] consists” in and compare it to article 8. Furthermore, the phrase needs to be broken down and see how the objections help St.Thomas' argument. St.Thomas questions and evaluates many types of happiness and where a man thinks he might find it. St.Thomas makes it…

The Extended Mind and its Implications: Clark and Chalmers’ Extended Mind hypothesis presents the idea that objects external to the body within an environment can function as a part of the mind. For them, they claim that cognitive functions do not need to take place entirely the head and can occur in the physical world (Clark, Chalmers, 1998). In taking this stance they emphasize that the mind is not confined between the arbitrary internal boundaries of an individual’s head They emphasize the…

McNamee, David Week 3 Chapter 4 Assignment 1. Why are some risks acceptable? As stated in the supplemental article, some form of risk will always be present and unavoidable. As stated in the article, natural disasters and hardware failure are unavoidable and therefore acceptable. It must be understood that risk can be mitigated but not eliminated. Another example that might be used is driving your car. Your car may break down or you may get into an accident, there is no way of knowing, this is…

b.3. Subjectivity and Irreducibility Indeed, man has appeared in our analysis as the subject, and it is he as the subject that is experiencing himself. Nonetheless, the issue on the subjectivity of man lies on the delineation of philosophy with its different views and perspectives. Wojtyła is convinced that the line of demarcation between the subjectivistic (idealistic) and objectivistic (realistic) views in anthropology and ethics must break down and is in fact breaking down on the basis of…

As a Gemini, l have different “personalities” in different situations. I can do many events you do not believe, because you have not seen the real me. As James Allen said：“A person is literally what they think, their character being the complete sum of all their thoughts.” I think my personality is exactly me, it showed me I have different kinds of personalities. I am a chaotic logical man. Every time I meet a problem. I will try to solve it step by step, but no one understand, until I use the…

1.1 Why Postcolonialism? It is difficult to say what postcolonialism exactly is. There is no ‘tradition’ per se as there is a philosophical tradition for deconstruction or psychoanalytical theory. In anti-colonial movements and postmodern critique of colonialism as a project of modernity one can find ideas that preceded postcolonial theory. The most important feature of postcolonialism is a shift in the dominant ways in which relations between Western and non-Western people and their worlds were…