Nerve agent

“Pressure is something you feel when you don't know what the hell you're doing.” ~Peyton Manning Peyton Manning is a National American Football Quarterback who played eighteen seasons in the NFL. Manning is 6’5”, weighs 230lbs, and is 40 years old. He was born on March the 24th in 1976, and graduated from tennessee. He has been with Indianapolis Colts for 13 years, and he then switched over to the Denver Broncos. In May of 2011, Peyton Manning suffered from a neck injury, which caused him…

attract the protons in the human body wold suggest that the magnets are using a negative pole for the application/procedure. For a clear image to be produced, the patient must remain still so the image is not blurred. A substance called a contrast agent, commonly containing the element Gadolinium, can be given to the patient before or during the MRI in order to increase how quickly the protons will align with magnetic field. This is usually done because the faster that the protons move during…

increase in adverse events. Oral antidiabetic medications can be separated by mechanism of action into two groups: hypoglycemics (sulfonylureas and meglitinides) and antihyperglycemics (biguanides and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors). The hypoglycemic agents pose a significant risk of morbidity, mortality, and permanent sequelae secondary to prolonged periods of hypoglycemia. However, outcomes are routinely good if intervention is initiated early, with the primary goal return of euglycemia using…

hypothesis in 1989 by expressing the Aβ peptide in a cell line called PC-12cells that could be stimulated to differentiate to neurons when cultivated in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF) (Yankner et al. 1989). The researchers found that the PC-12 cells grew normally while expressing the Aβ peptide, up until they were treated with nerve growth factor and stimulated to differentiate into neurons, at which time they began to degenerate and die. Furthermore, treating cultured neurons with…

while being subjected to chemotherapy is nausea and vomiting. In a study published in The New England Journal of Medicine, “Anecdotal accounts suggested that smoking marihuana decreases the nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapeutic agents” ( N Engl J Med 293). Furthermore, loss of appetite is an additional side effect of chemotherapy generally dealt with by cancer patients.…

cross-bridges are bent and the succeeding reduction of power. The Sliding Filament Theory Intended for a contraction to occur there ought to first be a encouragement of the muscle in the outline of an impulse (action potential) beginning a motor neuron (nerve that connects to muscle). Letter that one motor neuron does not stimulate the entire muscle but only a number of muscle fibres within a muscle. The entity motor neuron plus the power fibres it stimulates, is call a motor unit. The…

Are Weapons of Mass Destruction Morally Justifiable? Weapons of Mass destruction have been the subject of debate for decades. Many people believe that WMDs are a good idea, and vital to a nations defence. However, there are many others who believe that they are a waste of money, incredibly dangerous and that they should all be destroyed. In order to form a full opinion on the matter, I will look at arguments from both sides of the debate, including views from religious groups. A…

Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS) is a rare, neuromuscular junction autoimmune disease. The immune system produces immunoglobulin G antibodies against voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) residing on the cell membrane of the presynaptic nerve ending.1,3,5,6 The etiology of LEMS is decreased exocytosis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine from presynaptic neurons into the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) caused by autoantibodies attacking VGCCs.3,7.10 There are two distinct groups of LEMS…

Different autopsy methods are useful in different situations. I have previously mentioned Rokitansky method which involves examining the organs in situ “a condition sometimes mandated by a restrictive autopsy consent or severe time limitations” (Finkbeiner 35). But there are other methods that involve removal of the organs including Letulle, Ghon and Virchow. Both the Letulle and Virchow start the same way: a Y incision is made and the skin is reflected from the chest and abdomen. If the…

cannot be given in oral form. Octreotide is a somatostatin mimicking growth hormone inhibitor that is known to slow intestinal activity, like loperamide it inhibits gastrointestinal peristalsis. Loperamide slows motility by directly affecting the nerve endings, where octreotide in addition to slowing motility, increases absorption of gastrointestinal fluid such as electrolytes as well as decreasing secretion of insulin and glucagon (Geller, Gilmore, Dix, Topping, Davison, Holland, Wingard,…