Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Chelsy Oubre Causative Agent: Mycobacterium tuberculosis Disease: Tuberculosis (TB) Classification of the causative agent: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an Acid-fast Gram-positive bacteria History: M. tuberculosis is the leading cause of death with people that are infected with HIV. TB kills a 5000 people on a daily basis. Virulence factors of the causative agent: Mycobacterium tuberculosis enters the body then continues to the lungs. The bacteria while in the alveolar of the lungs can grow in large numbers then infect and grow pneumocytes. Pneumocytes could be either type I, thin squamous cells or type II, larger cuboidal cells both stopping the exchange of air by forming a barrier. In the early stages of infection…

Tuberculosis, also known as TB, is a disease caused by the bacteria known as Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. This disease primary infects the lungs, also it can also invade other parts of the body, which is known as extra pulmonary tuberculosis. TB is an especially hard disease to control because the bacteria can lay dormant inside the body of a healthy person for years without being infectious to others or causing symptoms. This is known as latent TB. However, when the bacteria becomes active in…

Tuberculosis is an infection in the lungs caused by a bacteria called mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is a contagious infection that begins in the lungs and can rapidly pass any organ of the body often affecting the kidneys, brain, bones and traveling via the lymph nodes and bloodstream. Tuberculosis which is abbreviated as TB is known to be one of the oldest disease among humans and today is one of the leading causes other infection and death in adults according to the World Health…

MICROBIAL HUMAN DISEASE(TUBERCULOSIS) The causative agent of tuberculosis is Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. It was discovered in 1882 by Robert Koch.It is the highly contagious aerobic pathogen which mean they requires oxygen to grow and it is non-motile.It is an intracellular pathogen which means that infects the macrophages of the bodies immune system.And the reason this bacteria is very effective is because of the waxy coat of Mycolic Acid that onvolves the bacteria.Thia makes staining very…

Introduction Clinical laboratories have relied historically on phenotypic methods (i.e. culture and biochemical tests) to identify microorganisms. This can be time consuming task especially with slow growing organisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Molecular methods are now well established in the diagnosis of infectious disease. . (Harwood 2012). For the purpose of this essay I will give a brief overview of both traditional and molecular methods that re used today. I will focus on the pros…

The risk of co-infection can be considerably reduced through ART. There are five major infectious diseases that cause significant mortality and morbidity among HIV patients (Chang et al., 2013). Tuberculosis People with HIV are 26 to 31 times more likely to get TB infection than people without HI (WHO, Approximately 14 million people from around the world have HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection. TB is the most common opportunistic infection among HIV patients, responsible for 26…

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 TUBERCULOSIS Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB is a major global health problem and it ranks alongside Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) as a leading cause of death worldwide. According to the estimates of WHO global tuberculosis report of 2015, there were 9.6 million people who developed TB and 1.5 million who died from the disease in 2014. 1.2 TRANSMISSION AND PATHOGENESIS OF TB TB infection occurs when…

Using a specific example discuss a possible target for the development of anti-mycobacterial therapeutics ATP synthase is a main enzyme used to produce ATP in respiration of a cell. It makes use of a proton gradient in the mitochondrial cell membrane to generate ATP. By transporting protons back across the membrane, using ADP and a phosphate ion to create ATP. Normally most bacteria can gain enough ATP to grow optimally through substrate level phosphorylation, however it has been shown that M.…

Design and Procedures: The examination of the population incorporated all verified incident cases of TB reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Tuberculosis Surveillance System (NTSS) for people dwelling in selected US urban communities from 2000 through 2007. Case reports including the demographic, clinical, and treatment data of patients with TB were submitted to NTSS by the local and state health departments. Cases of TB were considered to occur in a selected city…

The Cause and Effects of Tuberculosis What are the cause and effects of tuberculosis? Tuberculosis is a disease caused by a bacterium. These bacteria mostly infect the lungs, but also they can infect the other parts of the body like the brain, spine, and kidney. (1,4) If the tuberculosis bacteria are active, they will cause the death of the tissue of organs that have been infected. Tuberculosis is one of a few diseases that "have caused so much distressing illness for centuries and claimed so…