Multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma is a rare cancer, but if developed it is extremely hard to fight. It is the second most common blood cancer in adults, but in 2015 only 2% of cancer cases were multiple myeloma. The first documented case of multiple myeloma was in 1844. There have been hundreds of thousands of cases since then and there are constant improvements being made on treatments for this currently incurable cancer. Stem cell transplants have become a standard treatment for multiple myeloma patients, but because patients who receive an autologous stem cell transplant typically live longer without progression of the disease than those who only have chemotherapy, stem cell transplants continue to be the best option in treatment for multiple myeloma. Although multiple myeloma is a rare cancer, it still affects thousands of people in the United…

Multiple Myeloma Cancer comes in many forms and severity, and nearly everyone can relate to cancer in one way or another. One specific cancer of the bone has affected many today, and the number of cases is increasing every year. “Multiple myeloma is the most common primary bone cancer among U.S. adults aged 70 years and older, and the incidence of the disease is increasing” (Reisenbuckler, 2014, p. 391). Because this disease is increasing, it is important to know exactly what multiple myeloma…

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is characterised by malignancy of antibody-secreting B-cells that accumulate in the bone marrow . Tumour growth promotes hypoxia in the tumour environment. Hypoxic inducible factors (HIFS) are heterodimeric proteins composed of an inducible alpha-subunit and a constitutively expressed beta-subunit. In this experiment, the hypothesis being tested was if HIF1α and HIF2α regulate different genes in multiple myeloma. This was tested using the cross chromatin immunoprecipitation…

Multiple myeloma is a form of cancer that is caused by the formation of abnormal plasma cells, which become malignant. Plasma cells arise from B lymphocytes that are formed in the bone marrow; specifically the lymph nodes and spleen. When a foreign particle enters the body the immune system triggers an immune response which triggers B cells to produce plasma cells. The plasma cells make immunoglobulins. Immunoglobulins are antibodies that attaches themself to the target antigen in order for…

Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that is formed by malignant plasma cells. To explain what a plasma cell is, let’s start by talking about lymphocytes. Lymphocytes are one of the main types of cells that make up the immune system. A lymphocyte further differentiates into B cells and T cells. B cells mature and transform into plasma cells. This type of cell makes antibodies (immunoglobulins) that respond to infection by attacking and killing germs. Unlike lymphocytes that are found in many…

(“Helix Magazine). Sadly, somehow Thalidomide was able to penetrate the FDA because exactly seventeen children suffered deformities from Thalidomide in America (“Thalidomide”). Even nowadays Thalidomide is being used. In Brazil 5.8 million pills have been distributed to the impoverished to help diminish the effect of leprosy. Even though, women taking Thalidomide must submit to regular pregnancy tests and use two types of birth control. Sadly, some children are still being born with…

When I was in the sixth grade, my maternal grandfather was diagnosed with Multiple Myeloma, a type of cancer that was not familiar to me but I knew it was serious. Even as a sixth grader, I knew that cancer was a typically used to describe a disease that could turn fatal. My family learned that the cancer would not end his life and he could lead a fairly normal existence, which he did to the fullest with the exception of monthly doctor visits and the occasional surgeries. As I matured, I was…

The symptoms of multiple myeloma consist of pain from a pinched nerve or a collapsed vertebrae, anemia and fatigue associated with anemia, hypercalcemia (too much calcium in the blood) and blood clots. Multiple myeloma can cause the patient to have a weakened immune system depending on the stage of the cancer. This then causes additional complications related to a feeble immune system such as fever, weight loss, thirst, infections, bleeding gums, mental confusion and kidney failure. Usually the…

life was when my mom was diagnosed with Multiple Myeloma. Explained in this paper will be what happened, why it was difficult, and what was learned from this experience. Early on in January of 2016, my mother was diagnosed with Multiple Myeloma. Myeloma is a cancer of the plasma cells that are in a person’s bone structure. X-rays showed that there were multiple lesions spread all throughout her body. The news came as a great shock to my whole family and almost every aspect of life seemed to be…

Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a condition in which your nerves do not work as they should. When you have this condition: You may feel less sensation than before. You may have unusual sensations. Your muscles may not work normally. CIDP occur along with a blood disorder or another condition, such as diabetes, HIV, hepatitis B or C infection, Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia, multiple myeloma, and…