Malaria

In Panama, during the construction of the Panama Canal, Gorgas unleashed an extensive campaign against malaria. He had his men clear bushes and destroy potential breeding areas with large amounts of paraffin oil. Although Gorgas’ methods did help reduce the number of individuals who fell ill from malaria and yellow fever, his intense crusade on mosquitos was not an effective long-term public health solution. It was extremely expensive to maintain (it…

The human body is protected against infections by the immune system. The disease occurs when the normal function of tissue is impaired. Health organizations have for a long time tried to understand all causal agents of diseases as fight strategies against these agents including understanding surviving strategies, their cycle, and multiplicity once they infect a human being. This has facilitated discovery of therapeutic drugs for various diseases (Klepac et al., 2013). Vaccination against…

In Sub- Sahara Africa, malaria has killed four million citizens, and the number of cases have quadrupled since 1980. Unfortunately, Sub-Saharan countries can’t afford medication because it has a low economic growth rate. Since DDT is a very cheap and effective insecticide, governments in Sub- Sahara Africa use it to prevent malaria outbreaks. Even though DDT is cheap, it should not be used because it causes more harm than benefits: it has harmful chemicals that destroy the environment and kill…

outbreak is a real burden of diseases on the health care system in Guinea since many people have died from that disease. There are other burdens of diseases in the country that are endemic, but are not as deadly as compared to Ebola. For example: Malaria is an endemic disease in Guinea which has a high…

frequencies and the level of malaria prevalence support the malaria hypothesis at a global scale and further demonstrate why adaptation or natural selection alone cannot be the factor in explaining allele frequencies. According to Piel et. al. (2010), HbS, known as the sickle hemoglobin, is “a structural variant of normal adult hemoglobin” (p. 2). Piet et al.…

movement of people, goods and services has facilitated the spread of infectious diseases around the globe. Several diseases have become the main point of concern in the world. The first one is HIV/aids. The second diseases are tuberculosis. Cholera and malaria are however a threat but they are more pronounced in the less developed countries. I want to say that major steps should be taken to reduce the…

Blood disorders can affect one of the four components of blood: erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), platelets, or plasma. The blood is affected by sickle cell diseases causing an abnormality or mutation in the hemoglobin of red blood cells. The most common type of genetic blood disorders is sickle cell diseases with sickle cell anemia being the most dangerous (Addis, 2010). Sickle cell anemia is characterized into the group of sickle cell diseases. The phenotype…

The goals of the Rockefeller Foundation and Soper had shifted – whereas the Rockefeller Foundation emphasized vaccination, Soper felt eradication was only possible with the elimination of the vector. Despite this difference, Soper’s efforts in Brazil were lasting and between 1930 and 1949, Brazil spent $26 million on yellow fever work (in addition to the prior $14 million spent by the RF over 28 years). Stepan is skeptical of the effectiveness of such large investments in the fight against a…

natural killer cells ability of recognition and attachment to malaria cells (1). There are also attempts to create a vaccine by injecting sickle cell blood into mice to better understand the ability to resist malaria infection (1). Other methods such as dealing with the P. falciparum merozoite organizing protein (PfMOP) could help in stopping asexual reproduction of malaria (3). Through knocking out that specific protein in testing, malaria parasites are unable to finish reproduction and will…

Heterozygote advantage is one theory, stating that the heterozygotes of the population has a selective advantage such as would be with sickle cell anemia in an area with lots of malaria cases [1]. Reproductive compensation, the second theory, is based around the thought that parents who lose a child due to Tay-Sachs compensate later by having more children than they normally would have before [8]. The last theory and the one that…