Maillard reaction

The purpose of the whole lab is to use my knowledge of the periodic table to determine the identity and physical properties of each unknown element. To find the unknown elements we looked at the characteristics of the other elements and grouped the ones that were similar and belonged in the same column. By looking at the characteristics of the unknown elements if it seemed to belong in a group with others with a blank we assumed it belonged there. Mendeleev was a scientist who came up with the…

The purpose of this lab is to understand how the elements in similar groups are together because of similar properties the elements share. Like Mendeleev, we had made connections toward the creation of the periodic table. When finding the unknown elements we used other known elements as guides and looked for similar properties. Like the Periodic Table today, it is organized through similar properties of each element and categorized in groups. Dimitri Mendeleev was a chemist from Russia who lived…

54) The following graph shows three different stresses on the reaction. For each stress, numbered 1, 2, and 3 on the graph, identify the stress that has been applied to the system and using Le Chateliers principle, explain why the graph changes the way it does. 1) At the point marked #1, all three concentrations gradually increase, showing that heat is added. The addition of heat puts stress on the system, so the equilibrium shifts to the right to partially undo “stress” and produce more…

Introduction Actual rocket ships use chemical reactions to lift off into space. Using baking soda and vinegar we can simulate a rocket taking off because when mixed together, a chemical reaction occurs. By changing the amounts of the chemicals we can determine which will allow the bottle rocket to go farther. Chemical Reaction Vinegar is an acetic acid. When an acetic acid and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) are mixed together, three new chemicals are formed, Water (H2O), carbon dioxide (co2),…

Describe, briefly two cellular reactions that involve ATP hydrolysis (you will probably find the answer more quickly on Google than in your book). ATP is simply a renewable resource which is actually rejuvenated when adenosine diphosphate is mixed with a phosphate group. On the other hand, ATP hydrolysis is basically a method used by the human body to be able to release energy chemically to some other body parts in order for life to be sustained. In the process, ATP is actually converted…

overall goal of this experiment was to learn and observe about kinetic and thermodynamic control of different reactions by noticing which product forms faster or slower and possibly which reaction is more stable than the rest of the reactions. Significance: Organic chemists find using kinetic and thermodynamic control useful because they use the concept of the reactions to figure out reactions that are being used at the same time or experiment, that overcome or trump the set of reactants used…

Introduction Four reactions were done using coffee cup calorimetry for each. Two Styrofoam cups were stacked together for each reaction performed, with a piece of cardboard used as lid with a hole for the thermometer. The beginning and final temperatures were taken for all reactions and solvents used. The end result and point of the experiment is to find what ΔH. Also this is a constant pressure calorimetry experiment. The goal of each of the reactions is to get ΔHrxn which is represented in…

effectively and efficiently can biphenyl be synthesized by a Suzuki coupling reaction? Claims: Biphenyl synthesized by a Suzuki coupling reaction was effectively isolated and then characterized using TLC, melting point, IR and 1H NMR tests. However, this process was not efficient because it had a poor pure yield of 22%. Evidence: The goal of the experiment was to synthesize biphenyl product by a Microwave-assisted Suzuki reaction and this was carried out using 1 equivalent bromobenzene, 1…

To demonstrate their effectiveness in creating new carbon to carbon bonds, the Grignard arylation of 2-butanone was carried out. The Grignard reaction of phenyl bromide and magnesium, followed by the addition of 2- butanone yielded a crude product of 2-phenyl-2-butanol. The 1H NMR spectra was taken before distillation, showing the crude product, as well as after distillation, showing one of greater purity. In addition, an IR spectrum was taken after distillation. Both the 1H NMR and IR spectra…

Limiting reactants occur in a reaction when one of the reactants runs out and there is excess of another reactant. It is important to understand limiting reactants because it allows us to adjust the amount of chemicals we need to create a product without having excess chemicals. On October 5, 2017, we completed a lab in which we determined which chemical was the limiting reactant in a reaction by adding each chemical to the excess chemical and observing which formed a precipitate. II. Data,…