Germ cell tumor

A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cells within the brain, which can be cancerous or non-cancerous (benign). It is generally caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division, normally either in the brain itself (neurons, glial cells (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells), lymphatic blood vessels), in the cranial nerves (myelin-producing Schwann cells), in the brain envelopes (meninges), skull, pituitary and pineal gland, or spread from cancers primarily located in other organs…

regional failure with or without distant metastasis. Recurrent tumors usually extensively damage surrounding tissue. In rNPC patients, physical status and immune system are generally poor because of prior treatment. A study of Lee from Hong Kong reported that 52% of patients developed rNPC within 2 years, and 39%, within 2–5 years6. Precision imaging was role to support the diagnosis of…

One of the latest technologies I have come across was a product that is similar to what I would call a pain patch. A pain patch was something that a person wore and their body would absorb the medication during the time they wore such patch. This new product is an elastic film that has studded biocompatible microcapsules that are packed with nanoparticles that can be filled with whatever drugs are needed (Di, Yao, Ye, Cui, yu, Ghosh, Zhu, & Gu. (2015). The simplicity of how it works is easy. The…

Discussion Question #6 Article Summary My research paper is about a cytokine --- Tumor necrosis factor alpha, which is involved in systemic inflammation and is found in high concentration in patients diagnosed with autoimmune disorders. The article chosen describes the effects caused by a change in the level of cytokine Tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a). The cytokine TNF-a is a proinflammatory, recognized to encourage HIV-1 reproduction and is involved in the development of HIV-1 related…

Inside the planarian the space between the organs is filled with a solid mass of tissue called parenchyma (Wenemoser, 2011). These, tissue mainly consists of types of differentiated cells, such as different types of gland cells, and many undifferentiated cells, such as neoblasts (Wenemoser, 2011). Planarians have two forms of reproduction; asexual reproduction by fission, and sexual reproduction involving a male partner (Newmark and Alvarado,…

After all of these tests and doctor visits, I was diagnosed with stage one ovarian cancer. A granulosa cell tumor was found on my right ovary. It was pretty rare considering less than five out of one hundred ovarian cancer patients have a tumor like that. It was astonishing that a sixteen year old, with no previous ovarian cancer occurrences in her family, was diagnosed with the cancer. The average age for an ovarian cancer occurrence is sixty three years old. My doctors concluded that the best…

from The New York Times titled “Paging Dr. Pigeon; You’re Needed in Radiology” by Nicholas Bakalar that was published on November 24, 2015. The article discussed the recent study of training and using pigeons to identify benign or malignant breast tumors by looking at a slide from a biopsy or a mammogram at the University of California Davis medical Center, University of Iowa, and the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences at Emory University. This study was conducted as a tool and…

Sensitivity of Cancerous C.elegans with Mitochondria Dysfunction Mitophagy is a selective autophagic elimination of damaged or excessive mitochondria, especially when cells are under adverse stress. Mitophagy has been identified as the cause of various human diseases and even cancer. In recent years, researchers gradually regard mitophagy as the target for cancer treatment, although the role of mitophagy in the developmental and metabolic process of cancer is still not clear. In this…

on the food labels of their product, they put different forms of measuring ingredients that might not be as good for you than it should be. The two biggest measurements used are teaspoons and grams. Whole Grains is a cereal grain that contains the germ, endosperm, and bran, in contrast to refined grains, which retain only the endosperm. Refined grains are missing fiber and key nutrients that their whole grain counterparts…

relative to the grass family. The grain kernel, or berry, is called the caryopsis; which is the edible part of the plant. Caryopses are individual kernels or grains found in all grasses (Brown, 2015). Each caryopsis contains a husk, bran, endosperm, and germ. A husk, also known as the chaff, is the protective outer layer of a grain. It protects the grain from environmental damages like frost, rain, wind, insects, and extreme temperatures. Husk are usually not consumed, but they can be processed…