Fuzzy logic

The purpose of the Theaetetus is to examine how the mind accounts for knowledge by seeking an answer to the question Socrates poses to Theaetetus, what is knowledge? (146A). After a few failed attempts at answering, Theaetetus posits that knowledge is true opinion (187B). Socrates responds that in order for one to know what true opinion is, he must also account for false opinion in the mind. Ultimately, while the dialogue produces no operative definition for knowledge, Plato employs this…

In Plato’s five dialogues we often hear about this interesting figure of a man named Socrates. Who is he? Socrates in the first dialogue, Euthyphro is being charged with the crime of essentially questioning everyone and everything and thinking that people who say they are wise are not actually so. As well as being a maker of Gods while not believing in the old Gods. Socrates says that Meletus (the prosecutor) thinks “he is corrupting the youth” and that he wants to get rid of the old people…

In the article “You’ll Never Learn,” Annie Murphy Paul, a journalist and frequent contributor of articles on education and science, informs readers about the way students in today’s educational landscape use media to multitask while learning. Paul argues that this practice hinders the quality and quantity of information that students retain. The author explains the myriad of negative outcomes due to multitasking, particularly with media, while learning. Paul supports her argument with numerous…

Plato, a greek philosopher, is best known for calling himself a lover of wisdom. He took great pride in being an elite philosopher as oppose to a philodoxer, which is a lover of belief (Republic, Book V 480a). When reading Plato, his vast wisdom regarding many essential worldview questions is unpacked and explained on a deep level. Throughout Plato’s writings, the reader can see evidence that his worldview was based on the ability to be a good man, a positive belief of death, the importance of…

One either believes that there is a God that exists, or there is not. While there are numerous opinions on God’s existence, Blaise Pascal, author of “The Wager”, believes that there is a God. However, according to Pascal, a French philosopher, we cannot fully comprehend God. “The Wager”, which includes a psychological argument, consists of individuals who are willing to risk their own lives and bet on the existence of God. Essentially, the argument of this work is between philosophy and…

One of the first rules that is taught when learning Calculus is L’Hospital’s rule. The rule provides an easy technique to solve for a limit that has the indeterminate form 0/0. To get past this roadblock, L’Hospital’s rule allows for the individual differentiation of the numerator and denominator, and taking the limit of the result. If after the first application of the rule the limit once again produces the indeterminate form, it is possible to apply L’Hospital’s rule again. There is mystery…

The antinomies of pure reason are among the most important sections in Kant's Critique of Pure Reason, and transcendental philosophy in general. Among the antinomies, none were more well-recognized or well known than the third antinomy, which concerns the nature of freedom and determinism. This antinomy went on to pave the way for the rest of German Idealism, along with signaling a general shift in metaphysics that Kant himself would be engaged with for the rest of his life. As an indication of…

Harman presents the argument that we never have any evidence for or against any moral claim and that moral “facts” serve no purpose regarding the explanation of making observations unlike scientific facts do. In this essay, I will argue why I believe that Harman’s argument is ultimately successful, successful being that it is convincing of its conclusion. I will accomplish this by first paraphrasing Harman’s premises in an understandable manner. Next, I intend to provide a possible attack that…

Truth is Not What it is Truth is the reality of what has happened, however, the road to understanding truth is not always straightforward and smooth. This is because one person may perceive the truth one way, while another perceives the truth differently, so, their truths are different. In Plato’s Allegory of the Cave, the steps towards discovering the real truth are discussed, and these concepts are present in William Shakespeare’s Othello. The characters created by Shakespeare in Othello…

The purpose of this paper is to explore the two different arguments provided by two different philosophers regarding the metaphysical and science. John Polkinghorne’s ontological argument and Richard Dawkin’s unwavering belief of evolution. Although I believe Polkinghorne’s argument to be undeniably incorrect. I plan to present the strongest evidence for both arguments in an attempt to ultimately see which one is most viable. I may add supporting claims from other philosophers throughout the…