Flavivirus

ZIKA VIRUS Zika virus is center of an ongoing pandemic and public health emergency with serious medical and economic consequences. (Plourde and Bloch, 2016). Zika virus belongs to the family of flavivirus which includes other mosquitoborn viruses like chikungunya virus, dengue virus, yellow fever virus and West Nile virus (Plourde and Bloch, 2016). Zika virus is transmitted to people primarily through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus), other Aedes spp implicated in Zika virus infecetion, include Ae. Africanus and Ae. Hensilli. (Plourde and Bloch, 2016). “Aedes mosquitoes usually bite during the day, peaking during early morning and late afternoon/evening”. (WHO, 2016). Warm tropical and subtropical region is conducive to the spread and transmission of Zika virus.(Plourde and Bloch, 2016) “Commonly reported symptoms of Zika virus infection (when they occur) include rash, fever, muscle and joint pain, fatigue,. These symptoms can last for 2-7 days (WHO, 2016)…

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus transmitted through the bites of infected Aedes species of mosquitoes. In 1947, ZIKV virus was first recognized in Uganda in monkeys through a system that observed yellow fever. Later in 1952, the virus was acknowledged in humans in Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania. Since then, there has been reports of outbreaks of ZIKV in Africa, America, Asia and the South Pacific. In 2007, the first large outbreak of ZIKV was reported from Yap Island. ZIKV is…

The way that the Zika Virus is spread is through the ways of the average flavivirus: handling infected animal carcasses, blood transfusion, child birth, or the most common: mosquito bites. (GBIF “Flavivirus”) In order to prevent mosquitoes from spreading this virus, it is suggested to wear insect repellent, long-sleeved clothing, and to prevent the breeding of mosquitoes. (Zika Virus, Microbe Wiki) By eliminating standing water, by buckets, bowls, animal dishes, flower pots and vases (Zika…

Yellow fever was an epidemic in the U.S. during the 19th century with cases reported as far north as Philadelphia. The last known case happened in New Orleans in 1905 resulting to many deaths. Flavivirus also know as Yellow fever virus is a RNA virus. The enveloped is spherical and about 50 nm in diameter. The surface proteins are composed in an icosahedral-like symmetry (Dao, 2010). Full grown virions contain two virus-encoded membrane proteins (M and E), while immature virions have a membrane…

1. Description of the Disease: West Nile virus (10 points) 2. What causes it? (WNV) is found by mosquito bites. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on infected birds Scientific Name: Flavivirus (5 points) 3. Where is it found? All 48 lower states. not reported cases are Alaska and Hawaii. commonly found in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, North America and West Asia (10 points) 4. How is it spread? Arthropod-borne virus. West Nile virus has been spread through blood transfusions, organ…

A virus is a very small pathogenic antigen that requires a host cell to replicate to cause harm. The virus can attach itself to several kinds of living host such as plants, animals, bacteria and archaea. Although there is some exception, virus is very specific when it comes to appending a host. Animal virus only affects animals, same goes with archaea, bacteria and plant viruses. One specific virus that is endemic to countries near the equator is the dengue virus. DENV or dengue virus, is…

It is spread by the bites of female mosquitoes. It is caused by flavivirus which is a genus of viruses in the family Flaviviridae that are positive, single-stranded, enveloped RNA viruses. The virus remains silent in the body during an incubation period of three to six days. However, it does requires a medical diagnosis. Some of the symptoms include; fever, headache, nausea, and vomiting. Serious cases may cause fatal heart, liver, and kidney conditions. The person will also get chills,…

Examination of Molecular determinants of Yellow Fever Virus pathogenicity in Syrian Golden Hamsters: one mutation away from virulence Christian Lee West Coast University: Ontario Native and endemic to the tropical and subtropical locations of Africa and South America, these areas are where Yellow Fever is most prevalent. According to Klitting, Roth, Rey, and Lambellerie, “Yellow Fever Virus was named after the jaundice characteristic of the liver dysfunction caused by the…

country or section of the world. An example of a epidemic is Yellow fever and pandemic is the Black Plaque. Yellow fever epidemic of 1793 is similar to the plague pandemic of the 14th century because the systems they affect, and the way they’re spread with the exception of the area they affected origin of the outbreak. The 1793 yellow fever is similar to the 1330 plague because they both are circulatory, and they are spread by insects. For instance both the the diseases affect the circulatory…

monitoring of sylvatic yellow fever. Later in 1952, it was subsequently determined in human beings in both Uganda and Tanzania. For a long time the virus remained isolated to the equatorial regions of Africa and Asia, however as from 2005, the virus started spreading to other parts of the world. Its emergence in South America has been linked to the increased occurrence of microcephaly – a condition that babies are born with small heads and reduced brain size – among newborn. Recent studies have…