Chlorine

the initial step was to add HCl to the unknown sample. This was necessary because hydrochloric acid helped separate the cations, which is what was needed in order to distinguish the lead or silver from the calcium or barium. It did this because the chlorine ion of HCl was able to bond with silver or lead, leaving the other cation in the liquid solution that was decanted and set aside for Part B.1 In Step 5, the sample with either silver or lead was heated in a water bath. This step was essential…

Topic: The use of methyl bromide (an ozone depleting gas) as a fumigant to control pests Introduction Methyl Bromide, also known as Bromomethane, is an organobromine compound. It is a industrially and biologically produced gas that is colorless, odorless and nonflammable. It has the chemical formula of CH3Br, but it is manufactured by using methanol with hydrogen bromide, giving the formula CH3OH + HBr → CH3Br + H2O. Methyl Bromide is also a broad spectrum pesticide, which means that it is a…

1. Which one of the following would make the most suitable catalyst in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)? A. Carbon dioxide (CO2) B. Sodium chloride (NaCl) C. Magnesium oxide (MgO) D. Manganese dioxide (MnO2) 2. If the temperature of a reaction is decreased, what effect will this have on the rate of reaction? A. It will have no effect. B. The reaction will stop. C. The rate of reaction will increase. D. The rate of reaction will decrease. 3. Given the equilibrium reaction in a closed…

The purpose of the experiment was to examine the reactivity’s of several different substrates under SN2 reaction conditions. Discussion: All of the SN2 reaction mechanisms react the exact same way. The nucleophile sodium iodide attacks the delta positive alpha carbon forming an intermediate that has a partially formed C-I bond and a partially broken bond between carbon and the delta negative leaving group. The stereochemistry is inverted at the alpha carbon as the C-I bond fully forms. Then…

Bleach was found to be a successful disinfectant against the bacterium S.epidermidis and E.coli, at all concentrations. Bleach is a household chemical substance that acts as a halogen-releasing agent specifically releasing chlorine. As bleach is an oxidizing agent, it facilitates the surge of cellular activity of Hsp33, which are redox-regulated chaperone proteins of the bacterial cell. This chaperone protein prevents the bleach from oxidizing the bacteria, which protects the cell against…

The Graniteville train crash is one of the most deadly train crashes to occur since the 1970’s. On the evening of January 5th, 2005 a 12-car Norfolk Southern freight train P22 pulled into Avondale Mills textile plant. While doing this, the crew onboard hurriedly had to open a switch to allow their train to get onto a siding before the end of the hour, which they were required to stop working by law. However, the crew of train P22 as it was later found, did not return the switch to its original…

and they fell backwards into the trenches. The soldiers tried to duck and avoid the smoke in their dugouts, but it soon followed. Those who did not fall ran trying to abandon the clouds of smoke, but this was no regular smoke (Kennedy 53). It was chlorine gas that German forces used to initiate large-scale chemical warfare during World War I at the Second Battle of Ypres, which affected the use of chemical weapons and other weapons of mass destruction. World War I began in Ypres on October 7,…

SHE task How could mustard gas be used as a chemotherapy drug? Introduction Sulfur mustard, commonly known as mustard gas is a chemical that, after inhaled, ingested, or come in contact with eyes or skin, can cause a long winded death (Palermo, 2017). Mustard gas is known as a “vesicant”, other Sulfur based agents are also known as this because of the blistering effect all vesicants create (Heller, 2017). It is usually known for its use in World War 1 and Germany’s use of it within the last…

Medicine is an important part of the world we live in, but where did modern medicine come from? Over many years medicine got better, not instantly. The basics of modern medicine can subjectively be traced back to World War I. While World War I was not the first time medicine and medical treatments were used, it was a time of great and very important developments. Medicine change to fit the world that was changing around it. World War I’s weapons and previous methods of medical care made way…

Discussion In this experiment, the chemical reaction between acetone (CH3COCH3) and iodine (I2) to make CH3COCH2I, I-, and H+ was observed. Under normal circumstances, this reaction would occur very slowly. In order to speed up the process, hydrochloric acid (H+) was used as a catalyst. A catalyst is a substance that can speed up a reaction by lowering the activation energy of the reaction. It does this by changing the mechanism of the reaction and providing more energetically favorable…