Chlorine

The purpose of this lab is to calculate the chemical formula of a hydrate compound made up of copper, chlorine, and water molecules by using the law of definite proportions. The water of hydration of the copper chloride hydrate sample will be determined as well as the mass of copper and chlorine through a chemical reaction. The results will be used to calculate the moles of copper and chlorine and then the empirical formula of the compound. Techniques used: In this experiment, different…

Using qualitative analysis, two cations in an unknown solution was identified. After repeated mixing, centrifugation, and decanting, lead was confirmed in Part A and barium in Part B. In Part C, different colored flames of metal species were observed using cation flame tests. Formula unit, total ionic, and net ionic equations were then composed for the identified cations. If the experiment were to be repeated, step 13 could be ommitted as barium was already confirmed in step 12 with the…

Phenols Degradation by Fenton Reaction in the Presence of Chlorides and Sulfates Siedlecka et al. (2005) also studied a series of phenol compounds present in wastewater. These compounds, as mentioned above, are widely used therefore are commonly found in wastewater derived from different industries such as petrochemical, food or resin manufactured. Since common biological treatment for these kinds of compounds is not feasible, is important to develop new technologies to treat these…

The War Came Home This statement might seem small to few but for the nearly six million British and German soldiers that were disabled due to World War 1, it was the truth.(When) Every day the men had to look at their injuries and diseases and see them as a shadow of war. Both sides, the British and the Germans, fought in the same war and had similar wounds that fellow citizens couldn’t imagine carrying with them every day. In the span of fifty-two months over 9.5 million soldiers were murdered…

Conclusion: The the precipitation reactions lab eight out of the fourteen occurring reactions were precipitates. A precipitate means that a solid substance was formed or a substance that is not aqueous was formed. The reactions that did not form a precipitate were DNR, which means that they did not react. At station one barium chloride and potassium nitrate did not react but barium chloride and silver nitrate reacted to form barium nitrate and silver chloride. The precipitate at station one was…

soil and water for many years. Chemicals can be released to the environment as a result of their manufacture, processing, and use. Chlorine is a naturally occurring substance. Its manipulation and use in forming artificial chemical products has had devastating effects on the environment which we are only now beginning to understand. In its various artificial forms, chlorine plays a major role in the most pressing environmental problems which we face today; depletion of the ozone layer, global…

This sediment filter removes all the visible impurities like dirt, dust and un-dissolved particles. This water then flows to the Activated Carbon filter. Where the impurities like chlorine and organic compounds are absorbed by the carbon particles. Now, this water enters the RO filter where the Reverse osmosis process removes all the dissolved impurities like salt, pesticides, sulphates, iodide etc. The water which comes out of an…

Figure 3. Possible reaction mechanism for the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. Based on the findings from all of the used techniques, the species formed in the beginning are ammonium ion, oxygen and chlorine species. The decomposition products of ammonium ion were hydroxylamine, ammonia and nitrogen dioxide. The perchlorate ion loses one of the oxygen atoms and forms chlorate ion. The ammonia is lost in reaction through formation of hydroxylamine, which is formed in reaction between…

water, but in this case diethyl ether, hydrochloric acid, etc) because the charges of the compound interact with the charges of the solvent. For instance, sodium chloride dissolves in water because the sodium cation has a positive charge and the chlorine anion has a negative charge. The water molecules also have partial charges because the oxygen is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, pulling electrons toward itself, producing a partial negative charge with a resultant partial positive…

It is necessary to add HCl to the unknown solution at the beginning because it is a strong acid so it easily dissociates in the solution and the chlorine anion can react with the cation present in the solution. In step 5, water was added to the solution and then the test tube was heated so that the bonds holding the compounds in the precipitate together could effectively break. PbCl₂ has a higher…