Acute

Sickle Cell Anemia: Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) is the most common and severe form of sickle cell disease, and is caused by a genetic mutation that results in an abnormal formation of hemoglobin called hemoglobin S. SCA is an autosomal recessive disease, and the individual can inherit the hemoglobin S gene from both parents. Sometimes, an individual can inherit this gene from one parent and have a normal hemoglobin gene from other parents, and are called sickle cell trait. Individuals with sickle…

known as acute, chronic (the latent or asymptomatic) and finally AIDS (1). When there is no treatment, HIV infection will progress from one stage to another and weaken the immune system during this process until it finally reaches AIDS. However, HIV medicines and antiretroviral therapy (ART) can stop HIV from advancing to AIDS (1). This essay presents the three stages of HIV infection in a way which shows when each stage begins and how it affects the body. The first stage is the acute HIV…

Abdominal pain is the most frequent reason patients seek hospital admissions, but diagnosis can be a bit challenging due to different associating conditions. The initial goal in diagnosing abdominal pain is to determine if the pain is from a benign entities or from a life threatening condition. The initial step in diagnosing abdominal pain is identifying the location of the patient’s pain which helps limit the differential diagnosis to a conditions that cause pain in a specific abdominal…

Examples of primary care sites include physician offices, school health, ambulatory, or outpatient clinics, surgical centers, and health departments. The acute care environment encompasses the pediatric inpatient, intensive care, and intermediate care units, the pediatric emergency room, same day surgery center, and pediatric rehabilitation facility. Primary care PNPs have the additional knowledge and skill…

outcomes and the current culture. According to a survey conducted by the American College of Healthcare Executives, the number one concern of health care CEOs is financial challenges. The following concerns were high-level and business outcomes. However, acute hospital professionals that not only focus on the improving their outcomes, for example sentinel events, but also focus on the influence hierarchy and leadership may play in adapting to change, training interventions can create a culture…

For acute hepatitis B, “there is no specific treatment” (Hepatitis B, 2015). Most cases of acute hepatitis B will be asymptomatic and the virus will resolve by itself and not cause chronic hepatitis B. Most healthy adults will recover from acute hepatitis B virus by having proper nutrition, rest and fluids. However, the patients that have acute hepatitis B virus are considered to have chronic hepatitis B virus if the disease…

cannabis for recreational purpose to experience a so-called “high”.(Hall and Degenhardt,2009) Although cannabis may have some medical benefits in short-term; it has a variety of adverse effects both in short term and long term use, which include the acute cannabis intoxication, the modification of brain structure, increasing potential of psychotic illness, later depression and anxiety and a long-lasting effect on cognitive performance. (Battistella et al.,2014; Gonzalez, 2007; Hall &…

Dr. Abbasi, Thank you for the opportunity to be able to be involved in a review and education of the toxicity and side effects of nitroprusside for the CVICU team. A brief overview of Nitroprusside, it is a hypotensive agent that acts on venous and arterial smooth muscle causing peripheral dilation. Because it is more active on veins than arteries it allows for a decrease in venous return leading to a decrease in left ventricular end diastolic pressure and preload. It has a quick onset of…

Clinical Question Is citicoline effective in improving the recovery of acute ischemic stroke versus placebo? Evidence-Based Answer Six randomized, placebo-controlled trials have been conducted evaluating the efficacy of citicoline in improving the recovery in patients with acute ischemic stroke. The first study revealed citicoline to be more effective than placebo in patients with moderate to mild ischemic stroke. The following three trials by Clark et al focused on finding an effective dose…

Development of Guillain-Barré Syndrome Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy that presents with ascending motor weakness, sensory abnormalities, and loss of reflexes. Guillain-Barré syndrome can be divided into 4 major clinically distinct forms: acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), the Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS), acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), and acute sensorimotor axonal neuropathy (AMSAN). There are a number of…