Carbon Chains Essay

It was hypothesised that the longer the carbon chain of an alcohol the more energy output would be released and a longer flame length will be produced due to the extra carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds. As the wick length increases so does the flame length and therefore more energy output will be produced. The data collected throughout the course of the three experiments partially supports the hypotheses. However, the results gathered when testing how the length of the carbon chain affects energy output doesn’t support the hypothesis as it was hypothesised that the longer the carbon chain the longer the flame length. The results collected when testing the length of the carbon chain affecting energy output partially indicates that as the length of the carbon chain increased there was a reduction in flame size. The results above stipulate that when ethanol (C_2 H_6 OH) is burned it produced a greater flame length with an average of 7cm then Butanol (C_4 H_9 OH) with an average of 5cm and Hexanol (C_6 H_14 OH) with an average of 5.33cm which produced significantly lower averages due to the less carbon-carbon bonds. However,…

Aim: To investigate the effect of change in length of the carbon chain and the position of the functional group (-OH group) on the enthalpy of combustion of alcohol Variables: Table 1.1: List of all variables used in the experiment Type of Variable Name of the Variable (For trial 1: To investigate the effect of change in length of carbon chain on the enthalpy of combustion of alcohol) Name of the variable (for trial 2: To investigate the effect of change in position of the OH group on the…

In Fig. 2a,terminal methyl group present in fatty acid chain show the peak at around δ = 0.9 ppm.31 The proton of −CH2− groups of the fatty acid backbone and terminal methyl group attached proton show the peak between δ =1.20−1.59 ppm.30 The peak at δ = 5.4 ppm is attributed to the protons attached to the olefinic carbon atom (−CH=CH−) of fatty acid,28 this peak provides the evidence of the presence of fatty acid chain of SO in the HBA resin. The peak in the range δ =7.3−7.5 ppm associated with…

INTRODUCTION Fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a long aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most of the naturally occurring fatty acids contain unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. We usually derived fatty acids from triglycerides or phospholipids. Fatty acids are very important sources of fuel because, when they metabolized, they yield large amount of ATP .Fatty acids are regulated by certain transcription factors which control the action of…

conclusion, the three aforementioned inquiries posed within the portion titled “Bonding in Alcohols in Relation to Boiling Point” will be answered thoroughly within an analytic context. 1) “On average, by how many degrees celsius does the boiling point increase when the addition of an extra carbon atom in a straight-chain homologous series of saturated alcohols occurs?” On average, as per calculations conducted, the boiling point increases by a magnitude of approximately 14.1 ℃. Granted…

Carbohydrates have the following basic composition. They are molecular compounds made from three elements: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Monosaccharides are simple sugars with multiple OH groups. Based on number of carbons 3, 4, 5, 6, a monosaccharide is a triose, tetrose, pentose or hexose respectively. Disaccharides are condensation products of two monosaccharide units; examples are maltose and sucrose. A disaccharide is 2 monosaccharides covalently linked molecule. Polysaccharides are polymers…

Ester. 2008. 19 February 2012 <http://science.jrank.org/pages/2572/Ester.html>. Romero, Maria Dolores et al. "Study of the Influence of Alsohols in the Synthesis of Short Chain Esters." Chemical Engeneering Transactions 24 (2011): 37-42. Silberberg. Principles of General Chemistry . Philippines: MC Graw Hill companies , 2010 . Zimmerman, Isaak. Organic Chemistry. Benziger Bruce & Glencoe, Inc, 1997. IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book"). Compiled by…

 Comment: The three bonds (one solid line, one wedged line and one dashed line) that are attached to the + carbon atom are turned inside out. If the starting material has Br on the right side of the + carbon atom, the final product will have OH on the left side of the + carbon atom and vice versa.  Comment: There is only one hump for the energy profile of an SN2 reaction. As we shall see later, there are two humps for the energy profile of an SN1 reaction. One easy way to…

The sixth element in the periodic table is one of the most important elements of them all, carbon. This element, located on group fourteen and period two of the periodic table, has an atomic number of 6 and a molar mass of 12.01; this means that it has 6 electrons, 6 protons, and 6 neutrons. The element is lightweight, fairly small, the fourth most abundant element on Earth, and is essential for living, growing, and reproducing. Carbon is found in all living and non-living organisms, in the form…

uses solar radiation to change water and carbon dioxide into important nutrients that endure plant life. Therefore, plants and algae need consistent access to water, carbon dioxide and sunlight to undergo this essential process. Spilled oil floats on the surface of the water, blocking one of these important ingredients, sunlight, from reaching the plants within the body of water. Spilled oil may also directly coat the leaves of plants, where most of the work of photosynthesis occurs, reducing or…