Two Treatises of Government

from a specific perspective, their work is essentially a sort of fiction in its own right. The manifesto does claim to use fact as evident in its use of words “is”, “historically”, “already seen”, etc. The words convey the sense of certainty the two authors hold in their account of history. While it is no bad thing to be certain, the amount of simplification belies the complete truth (instead shrouding it in a façade). This simplification is evident in the very first line of the manifesto in…

implementing these water control techniques, the Egyptians turned the dry wasteland on either side of the river into land rich with livestock and farming. The word “Pharaoh” comes from the words “per” and “aa,” meaning Great House, and the Pharaoh had two crowns:…

Where only two decades before, John Acquilla’s paper: “Cyberwar is Coming” may have resembled the fanciful promises for the future offered by the Jetsons, recent developments have suggested that Acquilla’s prediction that the internet would fundamentally change warfare may have credence. Whilst in 1993 a futuristic concept that belonged in the realms of James Bond and Dr Who, in recent years the media, policy planners and militaries alike the world over have heralded the dawn of a new age of…

Organisation Theory Applied to Early Stage Startups An Analysis Using Chester Barnard’s ‘Functions of the Executive’ Sharada S., MPP 29/2014 Abstract This paper analyses administrative structures in startups through the contributions of Chester Barnard to the theory of organisation. Chester Barnard is credited with the for his landmark contributions to the theory of organisation through his book, ‘The Functions of the Executive’ wherein he aspired to contribute to a science of organisation.…

W. H. Auden once stated, “If Greek civilization had never existed, we would have never become fully conscious, which is to say that we would never have become, for better or worse, fully human.” This statement may be an exaggeration, but it is true that the contributions of ancient Greek philosophy radically shaped the world in the era in which it was prevalent (approximately 400-150 BCE), and with the expansion and blending of cultures throughout history, our society and systems of thought…

human memory, disputes arose when aristocrats returned, or died thousands of miles from home. Another, even more serious problem requiring royal action was the aftermath of the disastrous civil war between King Stephen and the Empress Matilda. The two competing factions had hired mercenary soldiers, and when there was no one left to pay them, many of them took up robbery and other forms of violence as a profession. Crime followed the breakdown of local authority. The quarrel between the King and…

“Big Brother is watching you,”—similar to the government portrayed in the well-known dystopian novel 1984 by George Orwell, the Catholic Church had thorough control over every aspect of the lowly commoner. Ever since the alleged issue of The Donation of Constantine in the 8th century giving the papacy power of the western Roman Empire, the local church held power over the commoner from preaching to education to local politics (Vauchez 445). With the ability to manipulate the education that…

The Prince is political treatise written by a prominent political theorist of the Italian Renaissance, Niccolò Machiavelli. Meaning: The meaning and general idea of the book shows the behaviour and qualities of a ruler and their goal of maintaining a safe state (status). Niccolò believed that a great prince or king would be full of virtue, fortune, war, art, cruelty, and going for honor and glory, to do everything for their state safety. Although Machiavelli was a teacher of evil, he brought…

People who believe the truth comes from faith and people who believe the truth comes from science have been butting heads ever since someone dared to question the divine. The relationship between the two belief systems has been problematic since the beginning. The only reason for the conflict is a lack of understanding of what is the truth. What people fail to understand is that it is possible for faith and modern science to co-exist and explain how and why we are here. Faith and modern science…

During the Reign of Terror, which occurred during the end of the period of the French Revolution, “women joined men in writing political treatises, demonstrating, and rioting”. This could only have been the result of prominent feminist revolutionaries, for such acts were considered unnatural before the beginning of the French Revolution and the Enlightenment Era. These women revolutionaries…