Spermatogenesis

A. Size and Structure - sperm, the smallest cell within the human body, are only a few micrometers long. It is composed of a head, midpiece, and tail. Within the head are the nucleus, condensed DNA containing 23 chromosomes, and the acrosome. The acrosome is located at the end of the head and is considered a modified lysozome containing digestive enzymes that are capable of breaking through the outer layer of an egg. The midpiece of the sperm contains mitochondria that produce the energy for the tail to move. The tail is a flagella composed of microtubules. The sole purpose of a sperm cell is to deliver its head to the egg. The female's egg (ova), is the largest cell within the human body, measuring roughly 1/10 of a millimeter. It's central nucleus contains 23 (XX) chromosomes. It also contains cytoplasm which holds all of the organelles as well as glycogen. The glycogen provides it with a second source of energy, unlike the sperm which relies only on mitochondria. Unlike the sperm, the ova is unable to move on its own. The ova possesses an outer glycoprotein layer that is called the zona pellucida. This serves as a defense against mutiple sperm entering the egg and keeps the egg from becoming stuck within the fallopian tube. B. Formation Site - sperm cells are formed in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. Ova are formed in the ovary follicle. C. Cell Division Process - spermatogonia (germ) cells undergo meiosis to produce sperm cells. Oogonia (germ) cells undergo…

the combination of meiotic and mitotic divisions that happen to form gametes; although, spermatogenesis and oogenesis both do happen in a productive organs and both produce haploid cells that get involved in fertilizations, there are many differences including the the location and the process of producing haploid cells differ. The process of producing male sperms…

Explain in detail the mechanism of fusion of Egg and sperm in human? ANSWER: Gametogenesis is the formation of the sex cells in multicellular eukaryotes. The word Gameto mean the gametes and genesis for formation of . Gametes typically come in male (sperm) and female (eggs). In human , the process involves two specialized cell divisions. The purpose is to create a haploid cell able to be well-suited with another haploid cell. Sperms is formed by the process called spermatogenesis and eggs are…

reproductive organ for females is the ovaries. 2. What are the functions of primary reproductive organs? The testes produce the male gametes, or sperm. They also secrete the male sex hormone: testosterone. Furthermore, the ovaries produce the female gametes, or ova. They also secrete the female sex hormones: estrogen and progesterone. 3. What are the organs of copulation? The organs of copulation are the penis for males and the vagina for females. 4. How are the basic events of…

The male reproductive system can be divided into three subdivisions: spermatogenesis, performance of the male sexual act, and regulation of reproductive hormones. The reproductive system consists of the penis, testis, epididymis, and vas deferens (Figure 2). The testis are composed of approximately 900 coiled seminiferous tubules where the spermatozoa are formed. The sperm are then emptied into the six meter long epididymis where they are non-motile. After eighteen to twenty-four hours in the…

These symptoms include painful urination (dysuria), frequent urination, and blood in the urine. 4b The scrotum is a sac of skin that suspends outside the abdominopelvic cavity of a male. Inside the scrotum is the testes. One function of the testes is the production of sperm, spermatogenesis. For spermatogenesis to occur, it is crucial that the scrotum holds the testes because viable sperm cannot be produced at body temperature. Instead, the scrotum allows a decrease in temperature that…

1. Defective transportation of sperm. 2. Defective spermatogenesis. Defective transportation of sperm is a condition in which the presence of any obstruction in the genito-urinary tract. This can be rectified with the surgical intervention. The other condition, i.e. defective spermatogenesis is medical problem in which the process of spermatogenesis is disturbed; it can be treated with medicine. The present work dealt with defective spermatogenesis only. Discussion on Laboratory Findings: Both…

1. Describe the function of the scrotum in protecting the testes from temperature fluctuations. Scrotum is an external sex organ. The scrotum is a pouch like structure made up of skin. It has 2 main functions. It protects the testis and maintains 2-3oc temperature lower than body temperature, which is very important for spermatogenesis. The scrotum also contains numerous blood vessels and nerves. The cremaster muscle present in the scrotum contracts and pulls scrotum closer to the body whenever…

Summary Heat stress has shown to be detrimental to male reproduction, affecting the testicles and spermatogenesis. In 2010, a study was conducted in Iran using male lambs which were exposed to chronic heat stress. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of moderate and high temperatures on testicular structures and on testosterone and cortisol concentrations in the developing ram lambs. Twenty fall born ram lambs were randomly assigned to a group: either to an outdoor heat…

Physiology. 10th ed. N.p.: Pearson Education, 2016. Pg. 1042-1044. Print. 3. Describe the process of oogenesis and compare it to spermatogenesis. Oogenesis is the process of ovum (female gamete) formation. In the fetal period the oogonia multiply rapidly by mitosis. Then primordial follicles appear as the oogonia change into primary oocytes and get surrounded by a single layer of cells called follicle cells. These primary oocytes begin the first meiotic division but stall late in prophase I…