Psychoanalysis

Oedipus — Despite mother being the parent who primarily gratifies the child’s desires, the child begins forming a discrete sexual identity — “boy”, “girl” — that alters the dynamics of the parent and child relationship; the parents become the focus of infantile libidinal energy. The boy focuses his libido (sexual desire) upon his mother, and focuses jealousy and emotional rivalry against his father — because it is he who sleeps with the mother. To facilitate uniting him with the mother, the…

Discovery is the act or process individuals undergo to explore what is uncovered or already realised to reach a new physical, emotional or spiritual revelation. Reassessing personal understandings, considering alternative perspectives and acting with the appropriate attitudes can have a profound impact on the discovery process and realisation of the individual. The Alchemist’ by Paul Coehlo and Shakespeare’s ‘The Tempest’ demonstrates how new settings can be transformative for the individual and…

In the beginning of the early 17th century, consciousness had became full center in thinking about the mind and how it works. From the mid-17th through the late 19th century, consciousness had become considered necessary or definitive of the mind. Consciousness means the state or quality of awareness, or of being aware of an external object or something within oneself. René Descartes defined the belief of thought (pensée),Pensee means a though or reflection, this is a poetic from of an epigram…

According to Engler (2009) existentialists seek to understand anxiety, despair and alienation as it relates to our society today. Existentialists argue that there is no truth or reality, and thus our goal as humans is to exist. Rollo May’s view of health and neurosis, suggests that healthy people have predictable and consistent behaviors, whereas neurotic individuals have predictable compulsive behaviors. May theorized that personality dysfunctions are instigated by a perceived powerlessness,…

Psychotherapy is a common term that is used to illustrate the process of treating psychological disorders and mental illness (Cherry, 2015). Specifically, Moreno’s psychodrama therapy is a type of group psychotherapy, which aims to ameliorate participants’ social communications skills, re-build their self-assurance, and enable them to express their positive and negative emotions in a safe and supportive environment (Blatner, 1988; Wilkins, 1999). According to Yehoshua and Chung (2013), there…

HOW DİD FİND TO TERM OF COMPENSATİON? Alfred Adler, founder of the school of individual psychology, introduced the term compensation in relation to inferiority feelings. In his book Study of Organ Inferiority and Its Physical Compensation (1907) he describes this relationship: If one feels inferior (weak) he / she (usually) tries to compensate for it somewhere else. Adler's motivation to investigate this was from personal experience. He was a very sickly child. He was unable to walk till…

events that occurred in our waking state. Freud challenged this when he used the following statement, “like a cheap material always available and put to use whenever needed” this was used to explain how memories that happened during the waking part of the day and physical sensations while in the unconscious were not to be fully blamed for the cause of dreams, but rather they were elements in part of the dreams that were just there to be used by the psyche whenever determining the meaning of the…

superego takes control and changes his perspective drastically. He realizes that if he gives in to intimacy, he will rob the young girl of her innocence. Holden’s psyche has become so compromised with the complexities of Allie’s death that he cannot bare the idea of taking someone’s innocence. He swells up with guilt and refuses to have sexual intercourse with this young prostitute in order to preserve her innocence. From a Freudian perspective, Holden was deprived of his own innocence after…

Individual Psychology (Adler, 1927) Adler (1927) introduce an emphasis on the social and creative aspects of human experience into the psychodynamic school unlike S. Freud (1900) and Jung (1912) who focused on the biological basis of personality. Adler (1927) believed social interest was a master motive underlying human behaviour, not sexuality as S. Freud (1905) has suggested. Peluso et al (2004) noted that social interest is the capacity of individuals to create and fulfil their sense of…

1. What are some strengths and weaknesses of Freud’s ideas? There are a number of strengths and weaknesses associated with Freud, and his development of psychoanalytic theory. Through his introduction of the three major systems of personality: the id, the ego, and the superego, Freud thoroughly explained how the collaboration of all three systems contributed to the developing personality. With his consideration of the role of the unconscious mind, Freud prepared the way for the growth of other…