Pituitary gland

5-Triiodothyronine (T3), is one of four thyroid hormones that exhibit biological activity, and contains 3 iodines and 2 tyrosine’s, as seen in Fig. 1. 20 % of T3 is formed from the amino acid tyrosine within specific follicle cells of the thyroid gland by the oxidative condensation of its biological precursors, monoiodotyrosine and diiodotyrosine, and is then subsequently secreted into the bloodstream. The remaining 80% is produced from the conversion of thyroxine (T4) into triiodothyronine (T3)…

blood. The Processing centre triggers for the effectors (these are the sweat glands and muscles) to adapt in order the make sure our body temperature stays at 37°C. If we need heat or need to get rid of it the processing centre will send nerve impulses to the skin which will then do one of the two things. To lose less heat then the hairs on your body will stand up, this traps more warmth for the body. When the body is…

If Ellie’s thyroid is hyperactive, it is releasing a large amount of thyroid hormone, meaning a large amount of T3 and T4. A large amount of T3 would greatly inhibit the release of TSH by the pituitary gland. This may appear paradoxical, as TSH stimulates the release of thyroid hormones, but in cases of hyperthyroidism, the excessive amounts of T3 and T4 are generally not caused by elevated levels of TSH. This is, unless, the aforementioned negative…

thyroid gland. It contains iodine and is a derivative of the amino acid tyrosine. The function of thyroxine is to control development, maturation and metabolism. Thyroid hormones are essential for physical and mental development. Tyrosine is the inactive form, and most of it is converted to an active formed called triiodothyronine. The production and release of thyroid hormones is controlled by a feedback loop system which involved the hypothalamus and the pituitary and thyroid glands. The…

The Effects of Overtraining on the Adrenal Gland, With a Focus on Cortisol and Adrenal Medullary Response As a society, we generally view exercise such as running, swimming, boxing, or other forms of aerobic training, as positive acts towards maintaining our health and stress levels. Even so, two things that are often not acknowledged when considering exercise are moderation and recovery. Paired with aerobic exercise, the absence of adequate moderation and recovery can result in overtraining.…

such as pain, stress, and emotional experiences. (1) 2 Pituitary gland – the “master endocrine gland” because it secretes many hormones that control other endocrine glands. It is a “pea-shaped structure that attaches to the hypothalamus by a stalk. The pituitary gland contains an anterior lobe called the anterior pituitary that function to secrete hormones that regulate bodily activities from growth to reproduction. 3. anterior pituitary gland – secrete hormones that…

discovered by Vittorio Erspamer in Rome in 1935. American scientists then verified all of the findings in the late 1940’s. In 1948, Serotonin was named and isolated by Maurice M. Rapport, Arda Green, and Irvine Page. Serotonin is produced in the Pineal gland in the brain and also in the intestines. Majority of the body’s Serotonin is found, and has a key role, in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This hormone is also found in the central nervous system. Serotonin is believed that it plays a…

produced by the thyroid gland. Along with thyroxine, triiodothyronine is also produced in the thyroid gland. Thyroxine usually is converted into triiodothyronine by enzymes in target cells called deiodinases. Concentrations of thyroxine are usually greater in the body, but triiodothyronine is considered the major thyroid hormone. Thyroxine production is controlled by the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus will secrete thyrotropin-releasing hormones that stimulate the pituitary gland to secrete…

Cushing syndrome refers to the complex clinical manifestations resulting from chronic exposure to excess cortisol. Cushing disease is overproduction of pituitary ACTH by a pituitary adenoma (McCance, Huether, Brashers, & Rote, 2014, p. 754-755). Cushing’s disease is defined by Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) hypersecretion, induced by a corticotrophic adenoma, leading to cortisol and androgen hypersecretion. Cushing’s disease may lead to death if untreated; it is responsible for increased…

CASE STUDY 1 1. The cardiovascular system consists of the following- Blood – It is a red color fluid in the body. Heart – It is also called the control center of our body. It pumps and collects blood to and from the various parts of our body. Blood vessels – Blood vessels are path through which transport medium circulates in our body. 2. The functions of cardiovascular system are as follows- Transportation- It transports blood to all the parts of body. The blood delivers oxygen and nutrients…