Photoreceptor cell

that are present within the scientific information of scenario B. First, it falsely informs the readers by stating that one of the three colors that the human eye is sensitive to is the color yellow. However, according to Lilienfeld et al. (2014), the Trichromatic theory actually suggest that the human eye contains specific photoreceptor cells, specifically cones, that are responsible for colored vision and are sensitive to the colors red, green, and blue. Also, the paper incorrectly defines the location of the rods and cones within the eye by stating that these photoreceptor cells surround the pupil. The true fact is that the rods and cones are located posteriorly in the eyeball along a membrane called the retina. The retina contains a vast amount of these specialized cells but there is one location where only cones exist and they are sited in the fovea which is in the middle portion of the retina. (Lilienfeld et al., 2014) Lastly, scenario B fails to define the function of the photoreceptor cells correctly by proposing that rods are responsible for colored vision while cones are responsible for night vision. Rods are the most abundant photoreceptor cells in the retina and they work…

The retinal photoreceptors and retinal ganglion are only a couple of synapse distant apart but the responses from the ganglion cells are more diverse than the ones observed from the photoreceptor (1). The bipolar cells serve as a direct pathway linking the ganglion cells and the photoreceptors. Bipolar cells are retinal interneurons that have two protrusions, one that goes up and one that goes down. This structure layout is an indicator of the cells function, they link the inner and outer…

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is very a important part of the eye; It is responsible for absorption of scattered light, the visual cycle and phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segment membranes. The protein RPE65 is normally abundantly made in the RPE, unless there is a mutation in the RPE65 gene, caused by a deletion of 4 base pairs. This deletion causes a frame shift and also an early stop on the protein, so the protein is shorter and does not function properly. The mutated gene is…

Are dogs colorblind? the answer yes/ no, they see in color, just not the way humans do due to the lack of certain cones in their eyes. Moreover, how does color blindness work in humans? To see how color works we first have to analyze how we perceive color. The way we see “Color” is determined by the wavelength of a stream of light. This means that each color of light has its own wavelength. The combination of all lightwaves (primary colors) produces white. The absence of lightwaves makes an…

receptor cell called the Retina is apart of the Central Nervous System. The Retina is how people are nearsighted they can see they can see near objects, but they can’t focus enough to see far. Farsightedness or being farsighted is when you see far, but you can’t see near objects clearly. The 130 receptor cells are also known as rods and cones. The Central Nervous System is apart of the Nervous System, but the Central Nervous System makes up the brain, spinal cord, and retina. The Nervous System…

prosthetic focuses on correcting one part of the visual mechanism so that the entire mechanism can function as a whole. Visual prosthetics fall under two different categories. The first category includes prosthetics that are implanted in the eye. These usually require less invasive surgery for installation than optic nerve implants because surgery involves only the eye and does not require tampering with the skull around the eye (Pezaris et al, 2009). Research on in-eye prosthetics mainly…

The rods and cones are two types of photoreceptors in the human retina. The retina is a tissue lining inside of the eye that absorbs light, processes images, and sends visual information to the brain. There are millions of receptor cells in the retina that control the sensitivity to light. The rods and cones are two types of receptors that are found in the retina. They both play an important significant to the luminosity humans use to see. When light is passed through the eye, rods and cones are…

children carry them. No longer are they just devices used to make a call; they are an extension of our selves. These media devices are pocket-sized computers that allow for multiple connections and interactions to be happening concurrently. This is a remarkable tool. It can also be a deadly tool. “We shape our tools and afterwards our tools shape us,” (Marshall McLuhan, n.d.). The fault is not in the device, but the user that makes it dangerous. A stunning video, done by Volkswagen (2014),…

light then passes through the pupil, a small opening in the center of the eye. Surrounding the pupil is the iris. This is the colored part of your eye that is responsible for regulating the light intensity that comes in contact with the pupil by constricting or dilating. For example, if you walk outside on a sunny day from a dark room you might find yourself squinting for a few seconds until your iris dilates adjusting to the greater amount of light. The lens is a structure located behind the…

Go to: http://sites.sinauer.com/wolfe4e/wa03.02.html Read the introduction and instructions for the “3.2 Foveal Acuity” activity. Choose "Sequential" and do 15 trials for each of the 7 positions (foveated plus 1-6). Afterward, cut and paste your results for each of the 7 positions below: Correct! Results so far: Fovea: 14/15 = 93% ******************** 1: 13/15 = 87% ****************** 2: 14/15 = 93% ******************** 3: 15/15 = 100% ********************* 4: 15/15…