Photoreceptor cell

multivariable effects in cancer can be studied by observing D. melanogaster because of its tumorigenesis caused by genes and its surrounding environment. The development of tumors in D. melanogaster is similar to the pathway of a tumor in a mammalian cell as it undergoes…

drainage of bile in the liver. This progresses to biliary fibrosis and can be fatal if left untreated in the first two years after birth. Biliary atresia is the most typical source of end-stage liver disease. A previous study was carried out to identify a cell population expressing the PROMININ-1 gene. Within periportal fibrosis, the expansion of this population was studied and was located adjacent to ductular reactions. This study utilized a mouse model that was infected with the Rhesus…

The role of circadian rhythms and clock genes in cutaneous wound healing Introduction The governing of rhythmic changes involved in daily behaviour and/or physiology is controlled by light/dark cycles. The field of Chronobiology encompasses biological timings (hormone secretion, blood pressure, reproductive cycles, body temperature, sleep, locomotor activity). Circadian rhythms have been discovered to play a major role in the mental, physical and behavioural changes, which follow a 24 hour…

efficiently change the internal organization of the cell, and capture organelles through the cytosol. Intermediate filaments are made up of the protein keratin. Their primary function is to strengthen the internal structure of a cell. Microfilaments are the smallest among the three cytoskeletal filaments. They consist of protein actin. Microfilaments are dynamic structures that can rapidly disassemble or assemble themselves, and thus microfilaments enable the cell to move efficiently. Cilia and…

In Aristotle’s view, everything in this world can be categorized. Living beings include plants and animal. The plant has nutritive soul and the animal process both nutritive soul and perceptive soul. If we discuss animal further, we can divide animal into rational animal, which is human, and non-rational animal. The essential feature of “being an animal” is perception. From the Aristotle Introductory Reading: “413b2: What makes something an animal is primarily perception.” Perception is…

Genetic Engineering is the modification of an organism 's genetic composition by artificial means, often involving the transfer of specific traits, or genes, from one organism into a plant or animal of an entirely different species. With this new, rapidly growing, technology we are now able to do things that we once thought were impossible. In Ethics and the New Genetics, the Dalai Lama addresses problems that we need to consider as we continue to explore this microscopic world that we have…

within a cell, they can be expressed in response to external stimuli. This external stimuli can be sub lethal heat shock (SLHS) hence the name heat shock proteins (Baneyx, F. 2008), this stimulus causes more of the proteins to be produced (Pugsley, A. 1989). In addition to being expressed due to SLHS they can also be expressed in response to amino acid analogs, heavy metals…

Cell Transport and Permeability: Computer stimulation Jeffery Kirkland A&P Lab Courtney Charba April 17, 2015 Academic Integrity Statement: I affirm that this assignment reflects my own honest work and was completed with integrity according to the course’s academic integrity guidelines. This report is based on my own work and any ideas or words that are not my own are clearly indicated and their sources are correctly cited. Student Signature:…

In the case of a missing limb, the scientists would take stem cells from the patient and us it for the base of the new limb. If Humans mastered cloning then they could use that technology and the patient’s stem cells to construct a new arm, leg, ear, or whatever was missing without worrying too much about the patient’s body rejecting the foreign limb. In the case of organs the process would…

The mitochondria is one of the most interesting components of the eukaryotic cell. Endosymbiosis is the term modern scientists use for how the mitochondria came to be. Symbiosis translates from Greek to English as “living” “together.” Constrantin Mereschkowsky, known as the founding father of the theory of endosymbiosis, was one of people who started the concept of endosymbiosis, although he had called it “symbiogenesis,” defining it as: “the origin of organisms through the combination and…