Philip VI of France

1.The Great Famine was mainly caused by severe weather. There were an unusual number of storms, which ruined crops people largely depended on, like wheat, oat, and hay crops. Food was scarce, and a price inflation ensued. The Great Famine profoundly impacted medieval society because it resulted in a higher mortality rate, higher crime rate, and less productivity from the laborers due to insufficient nutritions. Additionally, villages were abandoned and there was an increase in vagabonds, or…

THE FIRST CRUSADE The First Crusade was called in November 1095 by Pope Urban II at the town of Clermont in central France. The pope made a proposal: 'Whoever for devotion alone, but not to gain honor or money, goes to Jerusalem to liberate the Church of God can substitute this journey for all penance.' This appeal was the combination of a number of contemporary trends along with the inspiration of Urban himself, who added particular innovations to the mix. For several decades Christians had…

she remained for the next nineteen years. This was because Mary was a threat to Elizabeth’s reign, because of Mary’s Catholicism, and her strong claim to the English throne. Mary grew up in the French court. She married the king of France in 1558, and was queen of France, a Catholic nation, for a year in 1559, this is a contributing factor in why Mary was such a devout Catholic, and therefore…

until adulthood. Throughout Mary’s childhood, Henry VIII negotiated several future marriages for her. When she was just two years old, she was promised to the Dauphin (heir to the throne of France), the infant son of King Francis I of France. Henry VIII broke off that contract due to ongoing issues with France after just three years. In 1522, at the age of six, she was…

go back to the origins of this union. Otto I, son of the Henry I, Duke of Saxony was able to seize a large amount of land from the east of Elbe River, comprising Croatia, the Czech Republic, Poland, all the way to North Italy and parts of southern France. Thus due to his aid to the Church, Pope John XII crowned Otto I as an emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (406 Bentley, Ziegler). This alliance helped to gain control over the German territories, it benefited Otto, since he «strengthened his power…

The Hundred Years War was a series of battles between England and France in the period of 1337-1453. It’s one of the largest conflicts in medieval history. The War had influenced these two country’s political system, economic development and initiated the rose of nationalism. In this essay, I’m going to focus on why and how did the English finally lose the Hundred Years War. In fact, the English was not always inferior throughout the century. They used to have advantages in different periods…

She immediately restored Protestantism causing Catholic Spain and France, to always be on the verge of attacking the no longer Catholic England. Elizabeth also faced issues with not being seen as a legitimate heir to the throne, similarly to Mary had. However, all through her reign, Elizabeth was able to exert…

Edward VI and Mary I’s brief reigns combined with their lack of understanding on the impact of powerful visual imagery created a void in distinctive royal portraiture beginning from the time of their father’s passing. Henry VIII was portrayed as a fearless Warrior King and to much of the public was seen as such. This level of engrained iconography would not be present again until the reign of Henry VIII’s second wife’s daughter, Elizabeth I. When Queen Elizabeth I ascended the throne, she was…

the Hundred Years ' War. The Hundred Years ' War is an Anglo-French war that lasted approximately 116 years from 1337 until 1453. It began in May 1337 when King Philip VI of France attempted to confiscate the English territory in the duchy of Aquitaine. And it continued when the English tried to make a claim to the French throne. France and England had a lot of friction and animosity before this war. This war further aggravated their already tense…

made an example of due to his crimes of treasons, and other crimes that went against the king and “the crown of France” and due to the time period. This is a really interesting occurrence because public execution is used for lower class criminals. This was a time of fear in France partially due to the Hundred Years War starting. As Jean Bouteiller noted in Fear of Crime in Late Medieval France, “Thus, you can and must know that there are several cases that are not to receive forgiveness, such as…